Ukubuka umntwana wakho ethatha izinyathelo zakhe zokuqala kuyingqopha-mlando ethokozisayo kuwo wonke umzali. Ukuhamba kuyimpumelelo enkulu ekuthuthukeni okubonisa ukukhula kwamandla, ukusebenzisana, nokuzimela. Ngesikhathi umntwana ngamunye ekhula ngejubane lakhe, kunesikhathi esivamile lapho iningi lezingane liqala ukuhamba khona. Ukuqonda lolu hlelo lwesikhathi nokuthi ungakusekela kanjani ukukhula kwengane yakho kungenza le ngqopha-mlando ijabulise nakakhulu.
Isikhathi Sokuhamba
Izingane azivele ziqale ukuhamba ngobusuku obubodwa. Le nqubo ihlanganisa izigaba eziningana zokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono emoto, kusukela ekulawuleni ikhanda kuya ekukhulumeni nasekumi ngaphambi kwalawa manyathelo okuqala omlingo.
Izinyanga ezi-0–6: Ukwakha Amandla
Phakathi kwezinyanga zokuqala, izingane zakha amandla nokulawula imisipha ezokudinga ukuze zihambe.
Okungase Ukubone:
- Isikhathi sokulala ngesisu sisiza ekuqiniseni imisipha yentamo, yomhlane, neyezingalo.
- Izingane ziqala ukugingqika nokuphakamisa phansi phakathi nesikhathi sokulala ngesisu.
- Zingase ziqale ukuhlala ngosizo phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4-6.
Izinyanga ezi-6–9: Ukufunda Ukuhlala Nokunyakaza
Izingane ziqala ukuhlala ngaphandle kokusekelwa futhi zingase ziqale ukuhlola ukunyakaza.
Okungase Ukubone:
- Ukulinganisela okuthuthukisiwe ngenkathi kuhleziwe.
- Ezinye izingane ziqala ukushelela, ukukhasa njengesosha, noma ukunyonyoba ngesisu.
Izinyanga ezi-9–12: Ukudonsa Nokuqala Ukuhamba
Ngalobu budala, izingane eziningi ziqala ukuzidonsa ukuze zime futhi zingase ziqale ukuhamba eduze kwefenisha.
Okungase Ukubone:
- Ukudonsela kufenisha noma kubanakekeli ukuze zime.
- Ukuhamba ngasendleleni ngenkathi kubambelele kufenisha (ukuhamba ngokulinganisela).
- Ukuma isikhashana ngaphandle kosizo.
Izinyanga ezi-12–18: Izinyathelo Zokuqala
Iningi lezingane lithatha izinyathelo zalo zokuqala ezizimele phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-12 nezi-15, nakuba ezinye zingahamba kusenesikhathi ngezinyanga ezi-9 noma sekwedlule ngezinyanga ezi-18.
Okungase Ukubone:
- Izinyathelo ezinqekuzelayo, ezingaqiniseki ngaphambi kokuthola isibindi.
- Ukusebenzisana okuthuthukisiwe nokulinganisela njengoba zizilolonga ukuhamba.
- Ukuwa njalo kodwa zivuke ukuze zizame futhi.
Izinyanga ezi-18–24: Ukuhamba Okuqinisekayo
Ngokufika usuku lwabo lokuzalwa lwesibili, abantwana abancane bavame ukuhamba ngokuqiniseka futhi baqale ukugijima, ukukhuphuka, nokuhlola.
Okungase Ukubone:
- Ukuhamba ngokuqhubekayo, ngezinye izikhathi bephethe izinto.
- Ukukhuphuka ifenisha noma izitebhisi ngokuqondiswa.
- Ukwanda kwelukuluku nokunyakaza.
Izinto Ezinomthelela Ekwahleni Kwezingane Ziqala Ukuhamba
1. Izakhi Zofuzo
Umlando womndeni udlala indima. Uma abazali noma izingane zakwenu bahamba kusenesikhathi, ingane yakho nayo ingase ihambe kusenesikhathi.
2. Ukuthuthukiswa Komzimba
Amandla emisipha, ukusebenzisana, nokulinganisela konke kunomthelela ekubeni ingane iqale ukuhamba.
3. Ubuntu kanye Nesimo Sengqondo
Ezinye izingane ziqaphele kakhulu ngokwemvelo futhi zikhetha ukufeza ukukhasa ngaphambi kokuzama ukuhamba, kanti ezinye zilangazelela ukuzama izinto ezintsha.
4. Indawo Namathuba
Izingane ezinezindawo eziphephile, ezivulekile kanye nokukhuthazwa ukunyakaza nokuhlola zingase zifinyelele ezingeni lokuhamba kusenesikhathi.
5. Izimo Zempilo Noma Zokuthuthuka
Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izinkinga zamandla emisipha, noma ezinye izimo zezempilo zingaba nomthelela esikhathini sokuhamba. Bheka udokotela wezingane uma ukhathazekile.
Ungakusekela Kanjani Ukukhula Kwezingane Zakho Ekuhambeni
1. Khuthaza Isikhathi Sokulala Ngobuso
Isikhathi sokulala ngobuso siqinisa imisipha izingane ezizidingayo ukuze zikwazi ukukhasa, ukuma, nokuhamba.
Okufanele Ukwenze: Beka amathoyizi endaweni lapho angafinyelela khona phakathi nesikhathi sokulala ngobuso ukuze ukhuthaze ukunyakaza nokuzibandakanya.
2. Nikeza Amathuba Okunyakaza
Dala indawo ephephile lapho ingane yakho ingakwazi ukuzilolonga ukukhasa, ukudonsa phezulu, nokuhamba.
Okufanele Ukwenze: Hlela ifenisha noma izinto ingane yakho engazisebenzisa njengosekelo njengoba izilolonga ukuma nokuhamba.
3. Nikeza Amathoyizi Asekelayo
Amathoyizi aphushwayo nezihambisi ezakhelwe izingane zingazisiza ukuzilolonga ukulinganisela nokusebenzisana. Gwema izihambisi ezivumela izingane ukuhlala ngaphakathi, ngoba lezi zingabambezela ukuhamba.
Okufanele Ukwenze: Khetha amathoyizi aphushwayo aqinile ahamba kancane futhi kulula ukuwabamba.
4. Gwema Ukusebenzisa Kakhulu Izinto Zezingane
Nciphisa isikhathi kuma-bouncers, ama-jumpers, nezikhungo zemisebenzi, ngoba lezi zingabambezela ukuthuthukiswa kwemisipha.
Okufanele Ukwenze: Gxila ekudlaleni phansi ukuze ukhuthaze ukunyakaza kwemvelo nokuhlola.
5. Ba Nesihe Futhi Gubha Intuthuko
Yonke ingane ikhula ngejubane layo, ngakho-ke yeka ukuzama ukuqhathanisa izingqopha-mlando zengane yakho nezinye. Gubha impumelelo encane futhi ukhuthaze ingane yakho ngokuphakamisa nokumamatheka.
Okufanele Ukwenze: Yisho izinto ezifana nokuthi, “Umsebenzi omuhle ukuma!” ukuze wakhe ukuzethemba kwabo.
Nini Okufanele Ukhathazeke Ngokubambezeleka Ekuhambeni
Nakuba iningi lezingane lithatha izinyathelo zalo zokuqala ngezinyanga ezi-15, ezinye zingathatha isikhathi eside. Uma ingane yakho ingahambi ngezinyanga ezi-18 noma ingabonisi izimpawu zokulungela (njengokuma noma ukuhamba), bheka udokotela wezingane. Izizathu ezingaba khona zokubambezeleka ekuhambeni zingahlanganisa:
- Ubuthakathaka emisipheni noma amandla.
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okungabambezela kancane izingqopha-mlando.
- Ukubambezeleka kokuthuthuka noma izimo ezifana ne-cerebral palsy noma i-autism.
Ukuphazamiseka kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuxazululeni lezi zinkinga futhi kusekele ukukhula kwengane yakho.
Izinganekwane Ezivamile Mayelana Nokuhamba
1. Abahambi Basenesikhathi Bahlakaniphe Kakhulu
Ukuhamba kusenesikhathi noma sekwedlule akuyona inkomba yokuhlakanipha. Izingane zithuthukisa amakhono afana nokuhamba ngejubane lazo, okungabikezeli amakhono esikhathi esizayo.
2. Izihambisi Zezingane Zisiza Izingane Ukuhamba Ngokushesha
Izihambisi ezihlalwayo zingabambezela ukuhamba ngokuvimbela izingane ukusebenzisa imisipha yazo ngokwemvelo. Amathoyizi aphushwayo noma ukudlala phansi kungcono kakhulu.
3. Izicathulo Ziyadingeka EkuHambeni
Ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezihamba zeveza zisiza izingane ukuthuthukisa ukulinganisela namandla. Izicathulo zidingeka kuphela ukuze zivikele lapho zingaphandle.
Isiphetho
Izingane eziningi ziqala ukuhamba phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-12 nezi-15, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi yonke ingane ihlukile. Ngokudala indawo ephephile, esekelayo nokukhuthaza ukunyakaza, ungasiza ingane yakho ukuthuthukisa amandla nokuzethemba okudingeka ukuze ithathe lezo zinyathelo zokuqala. Gubha zonke izinto ezincane ezifinyelelwe, futhi themba ukuthi ingane yakho izohamba lapho isilungele.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. Izingane eziningi ziqala nini ukuhamba?
Izingane eziningi zithatha izinyathelo zalo zokuqala ezizimele phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-12 nezi-15, nakuba ezinye zingaqala kusenesikhathi ngezinyanga ezi-9 noma sekwedlule ngezinyanga ezi-18.
2. Ingabe kuvamile ukuba ingane ihambe sekwephuze?
Yebo, ezinye izingane zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuhamba, ikakhulukazi uma zigxila ekufundeni amanye amakhono njengokukhasa. Uma ingane yakho ingahambi ngezinyanga ezi-18, bheka udokotela wezingane.
3. Ngingasiza kanjani ingane yami ukufunda ukuhamba?
Khuthaza isikhathi sokulala ngobuso, dala izindawo eziphephile zokunyakaza, futhi unikeze amathoyizi asekelayo njengezihambisi eziphushwayo. Nikeza ukudumisa nesineke njengoba zizilolonga.
4. Kufanele ngikhathazeke uma ingane yami ingakwazi ukukhasa ngaphambi kokuhamba?
Akuzona zonke izingane ezikhasayo. Ezinye ziqonde ngqo ekuphakamiseni nasekuhambeni. Gxila ekukhuthazeni ukunyakaza okuphelele nokuthuthukiswa kwemisipha.
5. Ingabe izingane zidinga izicathulo ukuze zifunde ukuhamba?
Cha, ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezihamba zeveza zisiza izingane ukuthuthukisa ukulinganisela namandla. Izicathulo ngokuyinhloko zenzelwe ukuvikelwa lapho zingaphandle noma ezindaweni ezinzima.
