Pregnancy is an incredible journey, filled with exciting changes for both you and your baby. Understanding what happens month by month can help you track your baby’s development, prepare for physical changes, and know what to expect along the way. This guide breaks down the pregnancy timeline into clear monthly milestones, offering a glimpse into the amazing process of growing a new life.
Month 1: Weeks 1–4
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Fertilisation occurs, and a fertilised egg (zygote) implants itself in the uterus.
- The placenta and amniotic sac begin to form, providing nutrients and protection for your baby.
- The tiny embryo is about the size of a poppy seed and consists of multiple layers of cells that will develop into organs, muscles, and nerves.
What’s Happening with You
- You might not realise you’re pregnant yet, but early signs like fatigue, nausea, and tender breasts may appear.
- Hormonal changes start to occur, preparing your body to nurture the growing baby.
- A missed period is often the first clue.
Month 2: Weeks 5–8
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby’s heart begins to beat, and blood circulation starts.
- Major organs like the brain, spinal cord, and digestive system begin to form.
- The embryo grows to about the size of a blueberry by the end of this month.
What’s Happening with You
- Morning sickness, heightened sense of smell, and mood swings may intensify due to rising hCG and progesterone levels.
- Fatigue and frequent urination are common as your body works to support the pregnancy.
- You may notice your waistline thickening slightly, though most changes are internal at this stage.
Month 3: Weeks 9–12
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- The embryo transitions into a fetus, and the major organs and body systems are in place.
- Fingers and toes become more defined, and facial features start to take shape.
- Your baby is about the size of a plum and begins to make small movements, though you won’t feel them yet.
What’s Happening with You
- Many early symptoms like nausea and fatigue may start to ease by the end of this month.
- Hormonal changes continue, and you may notice an increase in appetite.
- It’s common to feel a mix of excitement and anxiety as the pregnancy becomes more real.
Month 4: Weeks 13–16
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby’s heartbeat can now be heard with a Doppler device.
- Lanugo, a fine layer of hair, begins to cover your baby’s body to protect their skin.
- The baby’s bones are hardening, and their movements become more coordinated. By the end of the month, your baby is about the size of an avocado.
What’s Happening with You
- Welcome to the second trimester! Many women feel an energy boost and reduced nausea during this time.
- A small baby bump may start to show as your uterus expands.
- Skin changes like the "pregnancy glow" or darkened patches may appear due to increased blood flow and hormones.
Month 5: Weeks 17–20
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby’s senses, including hearing, begin to develop. They may start responding to sounds like your voice or music.
- The baby’s movements, known as quickening, may become noticeable, feeling like flutters or bubbles.
- By the end of this month, your baby is about the size of a banana and covered in vernix, a waxy coating that protects their skin.
What’s Happening with You
- Feeling your baby move for the first time is an exciting milestone!
- Backaches and leg cramps may begin as your body adjusts to the extra weight.
- Maternity clothes might become a necessity as your baby bump grows more pronounced.
Month 6: Weeks 21–24
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby’s lungs and digestive system continue to mature, preparing for life outside the womb.
- Eyelids open, and your baby can blink, though their eyes remain sensitive to light.
- By the end of the month, your baby weighs about 1.3 pounds and is about the length of an ear of corn.
What’s Happening with You
- Increased appetite and weight gain are common as your baby grows rapidly.
- Stretch marks may appear on your belly, hips, or thighs.
- You may experience Braxton Hicks contractions, which are normal and help prepare your uterus for labour.
Month 7: Weeks 25–28
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby continues to gain weight, and fat stores develop under their skin, making them look less wrinkled.
- Their brain is growing rapidly, and they can now recognise your voice.
- By the end of this month, your baby weighs about 2.5 pounds and is the size of a cauliflower.
What’s Happening with You
- The third trimester begins! You may feel more tired and experience swelling in your feet or hands.
- Shortness of breath or heartburn may occur as your baby pushes against your diaphragm and stomach.
- It’s a good time to start planning for labour and delivery, including packing a hospital bag and taking childbirth classes.
Month 8: Weeks 29–32
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby’s kicks and movements become stronger and more noticeable.
- The brain and lungs continue to mature, and your baby can regulate their body temperature.
- By the end of this month, your baby is about the size of a jicama and weighs around 4 pounds.
What’s Happening with You
- You may feel more uncomfortable due to the increased size of your baby and uterus.
- Sleep disturbances, such as waking up frequently or struggling to find a comfortable position, are common.
- It’s important to monitor fetal movements and attend regular prenatal checkups to ensure your baby’s well-being.
Month 9: Weeks 33–36
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby gains about half a pound each week and begins to position themselves head-down for delivery.
- Organs are fully developed, and they’re practising breathing movements in preparation for life outside the womb.
- By the end of this month, your baby is about the size of a pineapple and weighs around 5–6 pounds.
What’s Happening with You
- You may feel Braxton Hicks contractions more frequently as your body prepares for labour.
- Increased pressure in your pelvis and frequent urination are common as your baby moves lower.
- Finalise your birth plan and make sure you’re ready for the big day.
Month 10: Weeks 37–40
What’s Happening with Your Baby
- Your baby is considered full-term at 37 weeks and is ready for delivery.
- The baby’s weight typically ranges from 6–9 pounds, and they are about 19–21 inches long.
- They spend most of their time sleeping and building fat stores for warmth after birth.
What’s Happening with You
- You may experience stronger and more regular contractions as labour approaches.
- The "nesting instinct" might kick in, making you want to clean and organise everything in preparation for your baby.
- Watch for signs of labour, such as the loss of your mucus plug, water breaking, or regular contractions.
Conclusion
Pregnancy is an extraordinary journey filled with physical, emotional, and developmental milestones for both you and your baby. Understanding what happens month by month can help you stay informed, prepare for each stage, and cherish the unique moments of your pregnancy. Always remember to consult your healthcare provider with any questions or concerns to ensure a healthy and happy pregnancy experience.
FAQs
How accurate are pregnancy timelines?
Pregnancy timelines are based on averages, but every pregnancy is unique. Some milestones may happen slightly earlier or later for your baby.
When will I start feeling my baby move?
Most women feel their baby’s movements, known as quickening, between 18–22 weeks. However, it may occur earlier in subsequent pregnancies.
Why is pregnancy counted as 10 months instead of 9?
Pregnancy is typically 40 weeks, which spans about 10 lunar months (4 weeks each) rather than calendar months.
What can I do to prepare for labour?
Attend prenatal classes, practice breathing techniques, prepare a hospital bag, and discuss your birth plan with your healthcare provider.
When should I call my doctor in the third trimester?
Contact your doctor if you experience reduced fetal movements, regular contractions before 37 weeks, heavy bleeding, or severe pain.
