Njengomzali, okunye okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe impilo yengane yakho. Izinsana ziba sengozini ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga zempilo, ezinye zazo ezivamile kodwa ezidinga ukubonwa kusenesikhathi nokunakekelwa okusheshayo ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ukuqonda izimpawu zezinkinga zempilo ezivamile zezingane nokwazi ukuzibona kusenesikhathi kungakusiza uqinisekise ukuthi umntwana wakho omncane uthola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu nasekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukukhula nentuthuko yengane yakho kusahamba kahle.
Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola ezinye zezinkinga zempilo ezivame kakhulu ezinganeni, indlela yokubona izimpawu zazo, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uzilungise.
1. Isifo sokuphuzi (Jaundice)
Kuyini Lokhu
Isifo sokuphuzi isimo lapho isikhumba somntwana kanye nabamhlophe bamehlo abo kuba phuzi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-bilirubin, into ekhiqizwa lapho umzimba uhlukanisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Kuvamile kakhulu ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi ngesonto lokuqala lokuphila, futhi ngokuvamile kusheshe kulungiseke ngokwako.
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo: Isibonakaliso esisobala kakhulu sesifo sokuphuzi ukuphuzi, okuvame ukuqala ebusweni bese kudlulela esifubeni, esiswini nasemilenzeni.
- Ukungadli kahle noma ukukhathala: Izinsana ezinesifo sokuphuzi zingase zibonakale zikhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile noma zibe nobunzima ekudleni.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Qaphela amazinga e-bilirubin: Uma kusolwa isifo sokuphuzi, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane, ongase ancome ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kubhekwe amazinga e-bilirubin.
- I-Phototherapy: Esimweni esibi kakhulu, i-phototherapy (ukwelashwa ngokukhanya) kungase kudingeke ukuze kusizwe ukuhlukanisa i-bilirubin ohlelweni lomntwana wakho.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma isifo sokuphuzi sivela ngemuva kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila, noma uma umntwana wakho engadli kahle noma ebonakala elele ngokungajwayelekile, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
2. I-Colic
Kuyini Lokhu
I-Colic isho ukukhala ngokweqile ezinganeni eziphilile, ngokuvamile kuvele phakathi kweminyaka engu-2 amasonto kanye nezinyanga ezingama-3-4. Nakuba imbangela yangempela ingaqondakali ngokugcwele, i-colic kukholakala ukuthi ihlobene negesi, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla olungavuthiwe, noma ukucindezeleka okweqile.
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Ukukhala ngokweqile: Izinsana ezine-colic zivame ukukhala amahora angaphezu kwamathathu ngosuku, okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto, futhi ngokuvamile ntambama noma kusihlwa.
- Izandla ezikhiyiwe, imilenze ehoshiwe, nobuso obubomvu: Lezi yizimpawu zokuthi umntwana wakho angase ezwe ubuhlungu.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Amasu okududuza: Bamba umntwana wakho ezingalweni zakho, mnikeze i-pacifier, noma zama ukumduduza ngokumnyakazisa kancane. Ezinye izingane zithola ukuthula ngokugqoka ingubo yokulala noma ngokufakwa esigqokweni sokuthwala ingane.
- Hlola izindlela zokondla: Uma uncelisa, cabanga ukuqeda ukudla okuthile ekudleni kwakho, njengobisi noma i-caffeine, okungadala ukuthi isisu somntwana wakho singaphatheki kahle. Uma udla ifomula, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngokuzama ifomula ehlukile.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma ukukhala komntwana wakho kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu, njengokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma umkhuhlane, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane, ngoba lokhu kungase kubonise inkinga yempilo ebucayi kakhulu.
3. Isishayo senabukeni (Diaper Rash)
Kuyini Lokhu
Isishayo senabukeni isimo esivamile esenzeka lapho isikhumba esibucayi somntwana sihlangana namanabukeni amanzi noma angcolile isikhathi eside kakhulu. Isikhumba siba bomvu, sibe nokuqubuka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sibe buhlungu.
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Isikhumba esibomvu, esilukhuni: Isishayo sivame ukuvela ezinqeni zomntwana, emathangeni, noma endaweni yangasese.
- Ubunzima ngesikhathi sokushintsha amanabukeni: Umntwana wakho angase akhale noma akhathaze lapho umshintshela inabukeni uma isishayo sibuhlungu.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Shintsha amanabukeni njalo: Gcina isikhumba somntwana wakho somile ngokushintsha amanabukeni njalo futhi ugweme isikhathi eside enabukeni elimanzi.
- Sebenzisa okhilimu ovimbelayo: Faka ungqimba olukhulu lwe-zinc oxide noma i-petroleum jelly ukuvikela isikhumba ngesikhathi sokushintsha amanabukeni.
- Nikeza umntwana wakho isikhathi ngaphandle kwenabukeni: Vumela umntwana wakho ahambe ngaphandle kwenabukeni isikhathi esifushane ukuze isikhumba sakhe siphefumule.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma isishayo singathuthuki ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma siba sibi kakhulu, thintana nodokotela wakho. Ukutheleleka ngesikhunta noma amagciwane kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa okuthile.
4. Umkhuhlane
Kuyini Lokhu
Umkhuhlane uyisifo esivamile ezinganeni, ngokuvamile esibonisa ukutheleleka. Umkhuhlane ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengezinga lokushisa lomzimba elingaphezu kwe-100.4°F (38°C).
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Ibunzi elifudumele noma elishisayo: Ungase ubone ukuthi umntwana wakho uzizwa efudumele ngokungajwayelekile noma ejulukile, noma ungase ubone izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphakeme kunokujwayelekile.
- Ezinye izimpawu: Imikhuhlane ivame ukuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokucasuka, ukungadli kahle, noma ubunzima bokulala.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Qaphela izinga lokushisa: Sebenzisa i-thermometer yedijithali ukuze uhlole izinga lokushisa lomntwana wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa eyodwa efanele iminyaka yabo, njenge-rectal thermometer yezingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3.
- Gcina umntwana ekhululekile: Gqokisa umntwana wakho izingubo ezilula futhi umnikeze amanzi amaningi. Ungase futhi unikeze umntwana wakho ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele ukuze kusizwe ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lakhe.
- Thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane: Uma umntwana wakho engaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3 futhi ephethwe umkhuhlane, noma uma umkhuhlane uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma umkhuhlane womntwana wakho ungaphezu kwe-100.4°F (38°C) isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa, noma uma encane kunenyanga ezi-3 ubudala, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
5. Ukutheleleka Ngegciwane Lokuphefumula (Umkhuhlane, i-RSV, i-Pneumonia)
Kuyini Lokhu
Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula kuvamile ezinganeni futhi kungahluka kusukela kumakhaza amancane kuya ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu ezifana ne-RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) noma i-pneumonia. Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame ukudala izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuvimba kwegazi, nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula ngekhanda: Umntwana wakho angase abe nokukhwehlela okungapheli, ukuphefumula okunamandla, noma ukuvimba kwamakhala.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Bheka izimpawu ezifana nokuphefumula okusheshayo, amakhala abanzi, noma ukuhoxiswa kwesifuba (lapho isikhumba singena phakathi kwezimbambo ngokuphefumula ngakunye).
- Umkhuhlane nokucasuka: Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula kungenza izingane zicasuke futhi zihlukumeze, futhi zingase zibe nomkhuhlane.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Sebenzisa i-humidifier: I-humidifier efudumele ingasiza ukunciphisa ukuvimba kwegazi futhi yenze kube lula ukuthi umntwana wakho aphefumule.
- Amaconsi kasawoti nokuncela: Sebenzisa amaconsi kasawoti ukuze ukhulule amafinyila kanye neshampu ye-bulb ukuze ukhiphe amakhala omntwana wakho.
- Qinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi: Gcina umntwana wakho enamanzi amaningi ngobisi lwebele, ifomula, noma amanzi (uma esemdala ngokwanele). Amanzi asiza ukunciphisa amafinyila futhi enze kube lula ukuwakhipha ohlelweni lwabo.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma umntwana wakho enobunzima bokuphefumula, umkhuhlane omkhulu ongagehleli ngomuthi wokwehlisa umkhuhlane, noma ebonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (njengokuncipha kwamanabukeni amanzi), thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ngokushesha.
6. Isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu (Eczema)
Kuyini Lokhu
Isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu isimo esingapheli esidala isikhumba esomile, esilumayo, esivuvukile. Kuvamile ezinsaneni futhi kungavela ezihlathini, ezingalweni, nasemilenzeni.
Yini Okumele Uyibheke
- Isikhumba esibomvu, esomile, noma esinesikhumba: Isikhumba singase sibonakale somile, siqhekekile, futhi sicindezelekile, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ekhanda, noma ezimpungeni zezingalo nemilenze.
- Ukulunywa: Isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu sidala ukulunywa, okungahle kwenze umntwana wakho angakhululeki futhi kuholele ekukhwenyeni okwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
Okumele Ukwenze
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa ezingenawo amakha: Faka izinto zokuthambisa ezingenawo amakha, ezisebenza kahle njalo ukuze zisize ukugcina isikhumba somntwana wakho sinamanzi futhi zivimbele ukuvuvukala.
- Geza ngokucophelela: Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele nezinsipho ezithambile, ezingenawo amakha ukuze ugweme ukucasula isikhumba somntwana wakho. Nciphisa isikhathi sokugeza ukuze ugweme ukusomisa isikhumba.
- Gwema izimbangela ezaziwayo: Gcina isikhumba somntwana wakho kude nezinto ezicasulayo ezifana nezinto zokuhlanza ezinamandla, izindwangu zoboya, noma izinto ezingadala izinto ezimbi.
Nini Ufune Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Uma isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu somntwana wakho sibi kakhulu, singathuthuki ngendlela yokunakekela eyisisekelo, noma sihambisana nokutheleleka okwesibili (njengokuphuma noma izigaxa ezigcwele ubovu), thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko noma izindlela zokwelapha ezingaphezulu.
Isiphetho
Ukubona kusenesikhathi izinkinga zempilo ezinganeni kubalulekile ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo nasekuvimbeleni izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Ngokwazi izimpawu ezivamile zezimo ezifana nesifo sokuphuzi, i-colic, isishayo senabukeni, umkhuhlane, nokutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula, abazali bangenza ngokushesha futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izingane zabo zithola ukunakekelwa ezikudingayo. Ukuhlolwa njalo kodokotela bezingane kanye nokuxhumana okuhle nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuzosiza futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo zilungiswa ngokushesha nangendlela efanele.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. Ngingazi kanjani uma umkhuhlane womntwana wami ubucayi?
Uma umntwana wakho encane kunenyanga ezi-3 futhi ephethwe umkhuhlane, noma uma umkhuhlane ungaphumuli, uphakeme, noma uhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukukhathala, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
2. Kuvamile yini ukuthi izingane zibe ne-colic?
Yebo, i-colic isimo esivamile ezinganeni futhi ngokuvamile siphela lapho sezinezinyanga ezingama-3-4 ubudala. Nokho, uma ukukhala kungapheli noma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimbangela.
3. Ngingasivimbela kanjani isishayo senabukeni?
Shintsha inabukeni lomntwana wakho njalo, sebenzisa okhilimu ovimbelayo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi bachitha isikhathi ngaphandle kwenabukeni ukuze isikhumba sabo siphefumule. Uma isishayo singapheli, thintana nodokotela wakho.
4. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma umntwana wami enobunzima bokuphefumula?
Uma umntwana wakho ebonisa izimpawu zobunzima bokuphefumula, njengokuphefumula ngekhanda, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, noma ukuhoxiswa kwesifuba, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izinkinga zokuphefumula zinganda ngokushesha ezinsaneni.
5. Kungelashwa yini isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu ezinganeni?
Nakuba isikhumba esomile nesibuhlungu singenakwelashwa, singalawulwa ngokunakekela isikhumba okufanele, okuhlanganisa ukuthambisa, ukugwema izinto ezicasulayo, nokusebenzisa imithi enqunyiwe uma kudingekile. Thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu.
