Umhlahlandlela Wosizo Lokuqala Wabazali Nabanakekeli

Amathiphu Ajwayelekile

• Yazi ukuthi ungaluthola kanjani usizo.
• Qiniseka ukuthi indawo iphephile kuwe nengane.
• Uma kungenzeka, izinto zokuzivikela (njengamagilavu) kufanele zisetshenziswe.
• Misa ingane ngendlela efanele uma indlela yakhe yokuphefumula idinga ukuvulwa noma kudingeka i-CPR (ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi).
• UNGAYISHUSI INGANE OKUNGENZEKA ILIMELE ENTAMO NOMA EMHLANENI (ekuwa, ukuphahlazeka kwemoto, noma okunye ukulimala noma uma ingane ithi intamo noma umhlane ubuhlungu) ngaphandle kwalapho isengozini.
• Bheka noma yini (njengobucwebe besibonakaliso sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo noma amaphepha) engakunikeza ulwazi ngezinkinga zempilo.

Ukulunywa, Ukulunywa kanye Nokungezwani Nomzimba

• Izinambuzane Ezihlabayo: Susa udosi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngokunyakaza kokukhuhla usebenzisa into eqinile (njengomphetho wekhadi lesikweletu). Faka i-compress ebandayo ekulume ukuze ukhulule ubuhlungu. Uma kunenkinga yokuphefumula; ukuquleka; ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ubuso, noma umphimbo; noma ukugcwala komzimba wonke kwenzeka, shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ukuze uthole isifuba endaweni encane, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza, shayela udokotela wezingane. Ngokulunywa kwesicabucabu, shayela udokotela wezingane noma Usizo Lobuthi (1-800-222-1222). Cela udokotela wezingane ahlole noma yikuphi ukulunywa okuba bomvu, okufudumele, okuvuvukele, noma okubuhlungu.
• Ukulunywa Izilwane Noma Umuntu: Geza isilonda kahle ngensipho namanzi. Shayela udokotela wezingane. Ingane ingase idinge i-tetanus noma i-rabies shot noma ama-antibiotics.
• Amathikhi: Sebenzisa ama-tweezers noma iminwe yakho ukuze ubambe eduze kakhulu kwekhanda lomkhaza bese uwususa ngokushesha umakhi lapho unamathiselwe khona. Shayela udokotela wezingane uma ingane iba nezimpawu ezinjengokuqubuka noma imfiva.
• Ukulunywa Kwezinyoka: Thatha ingane uyiyise emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo uma ungaqiniseki ngohlobo lwenyoka noma uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi inyoka ingase ibe nobuthi. Gcina ingane iphumule. Ungayifaki iqhwa. Hlukanisa kahle indawo elimele futhi uyigcine iphumule, ibekwe endaweni noma ngaphansi kancane kwezinga lenhliziyo. Khomba inyoka uma ungakwenza lokho ngokuphepha. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuhlonza inyoka kodwa ukwazi ukuyibulala ngendlela ephephile, hamba nayo uye nabezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze ihlonzwe.
• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile: Ukuvuvukala, izinkinga zokuphefumula, nokuphaphatheka kungase kube izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba kakhulu. Shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Abanye abantu bangase babe nomuthi ophuthumayo walezi zikhathi. Uma kungenzeka, buza ngomuthi ophuthumayo okungenzeka banawo futhi ubasize ukuwunikeza uma kunesidingo.

Imfiva

Umkhuhlane ezinganeni ngokuvamile ubangelwa ukutheleleka. Kungase futhi kubangelwe amakhemikhali, ubuthi, imithi, indawo eshisa kakhulu, noma izinga elidlulele lokusebenza ngokweqile.

Thatha izinga lokushisa lomntwana ukuze ubone ukuthi inomkhuhlane yini. Odokotela bezingane abaningi babheka noma iyiphi i-thermometer yokufunda engu-100.4°F (38°C) noma ngaphezulu njengomkhuhlane. Nokho, indlela ingane ebukeka ngayo neyenza ngayo ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuba izinga lokushisa lomntwana liphakame kangakanani.

Shayela udokotela wezingane ngokushesha uma ingane inomkhuhlane futhi:

• Ibonakala igula kakhulu, iyozela ngendlela engavamile, noma iphithizela kakhulu
• Unezinye izimpawu ezinjengokuqina kwentamo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu, indlebe ebuhlungu, ukuqubuka okungachazeki, ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe noma isifo sohudo, noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
• Unesimo esibangela ukucindezelwa kwamasosha omzimba (okufana nesifo se-sickle cell, umdlavuza, noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid okungapheli)
• Uke waquleka okokuqala kodwa akasabambeki
• Incane kunezinyanga ezi-3 (amasonto ayi-12) futhi inezinga lokushisa elingu-100.4°F (38°C) noma ngaphezulu
• Ike yaba sendaweni eshisa kakhulu, njengemoto eshiswe ngokweqile

Ukuze wenze ingane ikhululeke kakhudlwana, gqokiseni izingubo ezilula, mnike uketshezi olupholile ukuze aphuze, futhi umgcine ezolile. Udokotela wezingane angase atuse imithi yomkhuhlane. UNGAYIsebenzisi i-aspirin ukwelapha umkhuhlane wengane. I-Aspirin iye yaxhunyaniswa ne-Reye syndrome, isifo esiyingozi esithinta isibindi nobuchopho.

Amanxeba Esikhumba

Qiniseka ukuthi ingane inolwazi lwakamuva mayelana nokugonyelwa i-tetanus. Noma yisiphi isilonda esivulekile singase sidinge i-tetanus booster ngisho noma ingane igonyiwe njengamanje. Uma ingane inenxeba elivulekile, buza udokotela wezingane uma ingane idinga i-tetanus booster.

• Imivimbo: Faka ama-compresses apholile. Shayela udokotela wezingane uma ingane inokulimala kokuchotshozwa, imihuzuko emikhulu, ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo, noma ukuvuvukala. Udokotela wezingane angase atuse i-acetaminophen ngobuhlungu.
• Ukusikeka: Hlanza amanxeba amancane ngamanzi aze ahlanzeke. Sebenzisa ukucindezela okuqondile ngendwangu ehlanzekile ukuze umise ukopha futhi ubambe endaweni emaminithi angu-1 kuya kwangu-2. Uma ukusikwa kungajulile, gcoba amafutha okubulala ama-antibiotic; bese uvala ukusika ngebhandeshi elihlanzekile. Shayela udokotela wezingane noma ufune usizo oluphuthumayo ukuze uthole ukusikeka okukhulu noma okujulile, noma uma isilonda sivuleke kakhulu. Ukuze uthole ukopha okukhulu, shayela usizo (911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni ephuthumayo). Qhubeka nokucindezela okuqondile ngendwangu ehlanzekile kuze kufike usizo.
• Imihuzuko: Hlanza ngamanzi kampompi ahlanzekile, agelezayo okungenani imizuzu emi-5 ukuze ususe ukungcola namagciwane. Ungasebenzisi izinto zokuhlanza, utshwala noma i-peroxide. Gcoba i-antibiotic ointment kanye nebhandeshi elingeke linamathele enxebeni.
• Ama-Splinter: Susa ama-splinters amancane ngama-tweezers; bese ugeza kuze kuhlanzeke. Uma ungakwazi ukususa i-splinter ngokuphelele, shayela udokotela wezingane.
• Amanxeba Okubhoboza: Ungasusi izinto ezinkulu (njengommese noma induku) enxebeni. Shayela usizo (911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo). Izinto ezinjalo kufanele zikhishwe udokotela. Shayela udokotela wezingane ngawo wonke amanxeba okubhoboza. Ingane ingase idinge i-tetanus booster.
• Ukopha: Faka ingcindezi nge-gauze endaweni yokopha imizuzu engu-1 ukuya kwemi-2. Uma kusaphuma igazi, engeza i-gauze eyengeziwe bese ucindezela eminye imizuzu emi-5. Ungakwazi futhi ukugoqa i-bandage elastic ngokuqinile phezu kwe-gauze bese usebenzisa ingcindezi. Uma ukopha kuqhubeka, shayela usizo (911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni ephuthumayo).

Ukulimala Kwamehlo

Uma kukhona okuchaphazwe esweni, geza ngobumnene ngamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15. Shayela Usizo Lobuthi (1-800-222-1222) noma udokotela wezingane ukuze uthole izeluleko ezengeziwe. Noma yiliphi iso elimele noma elibuhlungu kufanele libonwe udokotela. UNGALITHInti noma ucikice iso elimele. UNGAYIfaki umuthi. UNGAZISUSI izinto ezibhajwe esweni. Mboza iso elibuhlungu noma elimele ngenkomishi yephepha noma isivikelo samehlo uze uthole usizo lwezokwelapha.

Ama-fractures nama-Sprains

Uma indawo elimele ibuhlungu, ivuvukele, noma ikhubazekile, noma uma ukunyakaza kubangela ubuhlungu, yibophe ngethawula noma indwangu ethambile futhi wenze ukuphotha ngekhadibhodi noma enye into eqinile ukuze ubambe ingalo noma umlenze endaweni yawo. Ungazami ukuqondisa. Faka i-ice noma i-compress epholile egoqwe ngendwangu encane isikhathi esingaphansi kwemizuzu engu-20. Shayela udokotela wezingane noma ufune usizo oluphuthumayo. Uma kukhona ukuphuka esikhumbeni eduze kokuphuka noma uma ubona ithambo, vala indawo ngebhandeshi elihlanzekile, wenze i-splint njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, futhi ufune ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Uma unyawo noma isandla esingaphansi kwengxenye elimele kubanda noma sishintshe umbala (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophaphathekile), funa usizo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Burns & Scalds

• Ukwelashwa Okujwayelekile: Okokuqala, misa inqubo yokusha ngokususa ingane ukuthi ingathintani namanzi ashisayo noma into eshisayo (isibonelo, insimbi eshisayo). Uma izingubo ziyasha, shisa amalangabi. Susa izingubo ngaphandle uma zinamathele ngokuqinile esikhumbeni. Geza ngamanzi apholile phezu kwesikhumba esishile kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu buphela. Ungafaki iqhwa, ibhotela, amafutha, umuthi, noma amafutha okugcoba.
• Ukushiswa ngamabhamuza: Ungawaphuli amabhamuza. Buza udokotela wezingane ukuthi ukuvala kanjani ukusha. Ngokusha ebusweni, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma ezithweni zangasese, funa usizo oluphuthumayo.
• Ukusha Okukhulu noma Okujulile: Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo. Ngemva kokumisa nokupholisa ukusha, gcina ingane ifudumele ngeshidi elihlanzekile elimbozwe ngengubo kuze kufike usizo.
• Ukushiswa kukagesi: Nqamula amandla kagesi. Uma ingane isathintana nomthombo kagesi, UNGAyithinti ingane ngezandla. Donsa ingane emthonjeni wamandla ngento engawuhambisi ugesi (njengesibambo sokhuni somshanelo) kuphela ngemva kokuba amandla ecishiwe. KONKE ukusha kukagesi kudinga ukubonwa udokotela.

Ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni

Gcina ingane ihlezi ibheke phambili kancane ikhanda. Faka ingcindezi eqinile, enganyakazi kuwo womabili amakhala ngokuwacindezela phakathi kwesithupha sakho nomunwe wokukhomba imizuzu emi-5. Uma ukopha kuqhubeka noma kunzima kakhulu, shayela udokotela wezingane noma ufune usizo oluphuthumayo.

Amazinyo

• Amazinyo Ezingane: Uma ekhishiwe noma ephukile, gcoba i-gauze ehlanzekile ukuze ulawule ukopha futhi ushayele udokotela wamazinyo wezingane noma womndeni.
• Amazinyo Ahlala Ehlala: Uma ekhishwa, phatha izinyo phezulu hhayi impande (ingxenye ezoba sensunini). Uma ingcolile, hlambulula kahle ngaphandle kokukhuhla noma ukuthinta impande. Ungasebenzisi noma yiziphi izinto zokuhlanza. Sebenzisa amanzi abandayo ahambayo noma ubisi. Faka izinyo emanzini amhlophe njengeqanda noma kakhukhunathi noma, uma lezo zingatholakali, ubisi, ingxube ye-saline (isipuni esingu-1 sikasawoti wetafula wengezwe kuma-ounces angu-8 amanzi), noma emanzini, bese uhambisa izinyo nengane lapho ufuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Uma izinyo liphukile, gcina izingcezu obisini. Yeka ukopha usebenzisa i-gauze noma i-cotton ball esisekelweni sezinyo futhi wenze ingane ilume phansi. Shayela futhi uye ngqo kudokotela wezingane noma womndeni wamazinyo noma umnyango wezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukudlikizela, Ukuquleka

Uma ingane iphefumula, yilalise ngohlangothi ukuze ingaminyanisi. Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze uthole ukudlikiza okude (ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5).

Qiniseka ukuthi ingane iphephile ezintweni ezingase ziyilimaze. Qiniseka ukuthi uvikela ikhanda lakhe. Ungafaki lutho emlonyeni wengane. Khulula noma yiziphi izingubo ezimpintshayo. Qala ukuphefumula kokuhlenga uma ingane iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ingaphefumuli.

Ukulimala Ekhanda

UNGAYISHUSI INGANE OKUNGENZEKA INEKHANDA, INTAMO, NOMA ILIMELE KAKHULU . Lokhu kungase kubangele omunye umonakalo.

Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma ingane:

• Ulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ubanjwe isithuthwane (convulsion)
• Izwa ukuxaka noma ukungakwazi ukuhambisa noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba
• Inokukhipha igazi noma uketshezi olunamanzi oluvela ezindlebeni noma emakhaleni
• Unenkulumo noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile

Shayela udokotela wezingane wengane elimele ekhanda kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukozela
• Ubunzima bokuvuswa
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza

Nganoma yimiphi imibuzo mayelana nokulimala okungatheni kakhulu, shayela udokotela wezingane.

Ubuthi

Uma ingane ike yachayeka noma idliwe ushevu, shayela Usizo Lobuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Uchwepheshe wobuthi utholakala amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku ezingu-7 ngesonto.

• Ubuthi Abagwinywe : Noma iyiphi into engadli ingushevu ongaba khona. Unganikezi lutho ngomlomo noma uhlanze. Shayela Usizo Lobuthi ngokushesha. Ungalibali ukushaya, kodwa zama ukuthi ilebula yezinto noma igama litholakale lapho ushaya ucingo.
• Umusi, Amagesi, noma Intuthu : Faka ingane emoyeni omusha bese ushayela ku-911, abezicishamlilo, noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo. Uma ingane ingaphefumuli, qala i-CPR futhi uqhubeke kuze kufike usizo.
• Ukuchayeka Esikhumba : Uma ama-asidi, i-lye, izibulala-zinambuzane, amakhemikhali, izitshalo ezinobuthi, nanoma iyiphi into engaba nobuthi ithinta isikhumba, amehlo, noma izinwele zengane, susa noma iyiphi into eyinsalela ngenkathi ugqoke amagilavu ​​eraba, uma kungenzeka. Susa izingubo ezingcolile. Geza isikhumba, amehlo, noma izinwele ngamanzi amaningi noma insipho ethambile namanzi. Ungakhuhli. Shayela Usizo Lobuthi ukuze uthole izeluleko ezengeziwe.

Uma ingane iqulekile, iyozela, idlikizeka, noma inenkinga yokuphefumula, shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo. Letha into enobuthi (equkethwe ngokuphephile) esibhedlela.

Ukuquleka

Hlola indlela yokuphefumula yengane nokuphefumula kwayo. Uma kunesidingo, shayela ku-911 futhi uqale ukuphefumula kokuhlenga kanye ne-CPR.

Uma ihlanza, phendulela ingane ohlangothini olulodwa ukuvimbela ukuminyanisa. Phakamisa izinyawo ngaphezu kwezinga lenhliziyo (cishe amayintshi angu-12).

Funda & Prakthiza CPR

Uma uwedwa nengane eklinywayo:

• MEMEZA USIZO.
• QALA IMIZAMO YOKUTHOLAKALA.
• SHAYELA KU-911 NOMA INOMBOLO YAKHO YESIMO ESIPHUTHUMAYO SENDAWO.

Qala usizo lokuqala lokuklinywa Uma:

• Ingane ayikwazi ukuphefumula nhlobo (isifuba asinyakazi phezulu naphansi).
• Ingane ayikwazi ukukhwehlela noma ukukhuluma noma ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ingane itholwe iqulekile/ingasabeli.

Ungaqali usizo lokuqala lokuklinywa uma:

• Ingane iyakwazi ukuphefumula, ukukhala, noma ukukhuluma.
• Ingane ingakwazi ukukhwehlela, ukuphalaza, noma ukunyakazisa umoya. Ingqondo evamile yengane iyasebenza ukuze isuse umoya.

Okwezingane Ezingaphansi Konyaka O-1:

• Ukuklinywa Kosana: Uma usana luklinywa futhi lungakwazi ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukukhala, noma ukukhuluma, landela lezi zinyathelo. Cela othile ashayele u-911.
  • BUYELA AMASHAYA AMA-5 (AMAZIMAPHA).
  • kushintshana NA
  • NIKEZA IZIFUBA EZI-5.
  • Okunye ukushaywa emuva (izimpama) nokucindezelwa kwesifuba kuze kube yilapho into ikhishwa noma usana luquleka/ lungasabeli. Uma usana luquleka/ lungasabeli, qala i-CPR.
• I-CPR Yosana: Izosetshenziswa lapho ingane IFAKAZWA/ INGABANELI noma lapho ukuphefumula kuma. Beka ingane endaweni eyisicaba, eqinile.
  • QALA UKUCINDEZELA IZIFUBA.
    • Beka iminwe emi-2 yesandla esi-1 ethanjeni lesifuba ngezansi nje kwengono.
    • Cindezela isifuba okungenani ngo-1/3 ukujula kwesifuba, noma cishe u-4cm (1.5 amayintshi).
    • Ngemva kokucindezelwa ngakunye, vumela isifuba sibuyele endaweni evamile. Cindezela isifuba ngezinga lokungenani izikhathi eziyi-100 ngomzuzu.
    • Yenza ama-compress angama-30.
  • VULA UMOYA.
    • Umzila womoya ovulekile (ikhanda litsheke-chin lift).
    • Uma ubona umzimba wangaphandle, wushanele ngomunwe wakho. UNGASHANELI ngeminwe eyimpumputhe.
  • QALA UKUTUSA UKUPHEFUMLA.
    • Thatha umoya ojwayelekile.
    • Vala umlomo nekhala losana ngomlomo wakho.
    • Nikeza ukuphefumula oku-2, ngamunye umzuzwana ongu-1. Ukuphefumula ngakunye kufanele kunyuse isifuba.
  • QHUBEKA KABUSHA UKUCINDEZWA KWESIFUBA.
    • Qhubeka nemijikelezo yokucindezelwa okungu-30 ukuya ekuphefumuleni okungu-2.
    • Ngemuva kwemijikelezo emi-5 yokucindezelwa nokuphefumula (cishe imizuzu emi-2) futhi uma kungekho muntu oshayele u-911 noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni, shayela wena ngokwakho.

Okwezingane Ezineminyaka engu-1 kuye kwengu-8 ubudala:

Ukuklinywa kwengane ( Heimlich Maneuver ): Cela othile ashayele ku-911. Uma ingane iklinywa futhi ingakwazi ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukukhala, noma ukukhuluma, landela lezi zinyathelo.

• Yenza i-Heimlich maneuver.
• Beka isandla, esenziwe isibhakela, bese umboza ngesinye isandla ngenhla nje kwenkaba. Beka kahle ngaphansi kwesihloko esingezansi sethambo lesifuba kanye nezimbambo.
• Nikeza ukusunduza ngakunye ngamandla anele ukukhiqiza ukukhwehlela okwenziwe okuklanyelwe ukudambisa ukuvinjwa kwendlela yomoya.
• Yenza i-Heimlich maneuver kuze kube yilapho into ixoshwa noma ingane iquleka/ingasabeli.
• Uma ingane IFIKA ZINGA/INGABANELI, qala i-CPR.

I-CPR Yengane: Izosetshenziswa lapho usana LINGAKWAZI/KINGASABILI noma lapho ukuphefumula kuma. Beka usana endaweni eyisicaba, eqinile.

• QALA UKUCINDEZELA IZIFUBA.
  • Beka isithende sezandla ezi-1 noma ezi-2 phezu kwengxenye engezansi ye-sternum.
  • Cindezela isifuba okungenani ngo-1/3 ukujula kwesifuba, noma cishe u-5 cm (2 amayintshi).
  • Ngemva kokucindezelwa ngakunye, vumela isifuba sibuyele endaweni evamile. Cindezela isifuba ngezinga lokungenani izikhathi eziyi-100 kuye kweziyi-120 ngomzuzu.
  • Yenza ama-compress angama-30.
• VULA UMOYA.
  • Umzila womoya ovulekile (ikhanda litsheke-chin lift).
  • Uma ubona umzimba wangaphandle, wushanele ngomunwe wakho. UNGASHANELI ngeminwe eyimpumputhe.
• QALA UKUTUSA UKUPHEFUMLA.
  • Thatha umoya ojwayelekile.
  • Ncinza ikhala lengane uvale, bese uvala umlomo wengane ngomlomo wakho.
  • Nikeza ukuphefumula oku-2, ngamunye umzuzwana ongu-1. Ukuphefumula ngakunye kufanele kunyuse isifuba.
• QHUBEKA KABUSHA UKUCINDEZWA KWESIFUBA.
  • Qhubeka nemijikelezo yokucindezelwa okungama-30 ukuya ekuphefumuleni okungu-2 kuze kube yilapho into ikhishwa.
  • Ngemuva kwemijikelezo emi-5 yokucindezelwa nokuphefumula (cishe imizuzu emi-2) futhi uma kungekho muntu oshayele u-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo, shayela wena ngokwakho.

Uma noma ngasiphi isikhathi into ikhwehlela noma usana/ingane iqala ukuphefumula, yeka ukuphefumula kokuhlenga bese ushayela ku-911 noma inombolo yasendaweni yakini yezimo eziphuthumayo.

Buza udokotela wakho wezingane ukuze akunikeze ulwazi mayelana nemiyalo yokuklinywa/ye-CPR yezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8 kanye nolwazi ngosizo lokuqala olugunyaziwe noma isifundo se-CPR emphakathini wakini.

umthombo: https://www.healthychildren.org