I-eczema, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-atopic dermatitis, yisimo esivamile esibangela ukuba isikhumba sibe nokuvuvukala, sibebomvu, futhi silume. Kungadida kakhulu izingane nabazali ngenxa yokungakhululeki nokucasuka okubonakalayo okubangelayo. I-eczema ingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni wengane kodwa ngokuvamile itholakala ebusweni, ngemuva kwamadolo, nasemikhono. Ngenkathi i-eczema ingangenwa, kungaba inselele ukuyilawula. Ukuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ze-eczema yezingane kungasiza abazali banakekele kahle isikhumba sengane yabo futhi banikeze usizo.
1. Kuyini i-Eczema Yezingane?
I-Eczema Ezinganeni
I-Eczema yisimo esingelapheki esithinta ikhono lesikhumba lokugcina umswakama, silenze some futhi libe sengozini enkulu yokucasuka. Ezinganeni, i-eczema ivamise ukuqala ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila futhi ingase ibe khona kuze kube yilapho zineminyaka engu-2 kuya ku-3 ubudala. Nakuba ingathuthuka ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ezinye izingane zingase ziqhubeke zithola izifo ze-eczema kulo lonke ubuntwana.
Izimpawu Ze-Eczema Yezingane
Izimpawu ezivamile ze-eczema ezinganeni zihlanganisa:
- Amachashaza abomvu, avuvukele esikhumba angase abe omile noma abe namakhabe
- Ukulunywa, okungabangela ukuba ingane iklwebhe noma ihlikihle indawo ethintekile
- Isikhumba esingase sibukeke siqhekekile, sixebuka, noma sinamanzi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuklwebha
- Amabhamuza amancane noma izimbotshana ezingase zipume amanzi ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Qaphela isikhumba sengane yakho ngobumnene ukuze ungaboni ubumanzi obungavamile, ububomvu, noma ukucasuka bese uhlola nodokotela wezingane ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni uma kusolwa i-eczema.
2. Izimbangela Ezivamile Ze-Eczema Yezingane
Ukuqonda Izimbangela
Ngenkathi imbangela eqondile ye-eczema ingaqondakali ngokugcwele, kukholakala ukuthi ihlobene nezici zofuzo kanye nokusabela kwesistimu yokuzivikela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezimbangela. Ezinye izici zemvelo nezicasukayo zingenza izimpawu ze-eczema zibe zimbi nakakhulu.
Izimbangela Ezivamile
- Isikhumba esomile: Umoya owomile, ikakhulukazi ngezinyanga ezibandayo, ungenza i-eczema ibe yimbi nakakhulu ngokuqeda umswakama wemvelo esikhumbeni.
- Ama-allergens: Izibungu zothuli, uboya bezilwane ezifuywayo, impova, nesikhunta zingabangela ukuqubuka kwe-eczema.
- Izinto ezicasulayo: Izinsipho ezinkulu, izinto ezinuka kamnandi, nezinto zokuhlanza zingabangela ukucasuka.
- Ukungezwani nokudla: Kwezinye izimo, ukudla okuthile (njengamaqanda, ubisi, noma amantongomane) kungabangela i-eczema ezinganeni.
- Umjuluko nokushisa ngokweqile: Isimo sezulu esishisayo noma ukujuluka ngokweqile kungacasula isikhumba futhi kubhebhethekise izimpawu ze-eczema.
- Ingcindezi: Ngenkathi kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezindala, ingcindezi ingaphinde ibangele ukuqubuka kwe-eczema.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Hlola izimbangela ezingase zibe khona ngokugcina irekhodi lokuqubuka kanye nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona zemvelo noma zokudla.
- Xoxa ngezimbangela ezingase zibe khona nodokotela wakho wezingane, ikakhulukazi uma kusolwa ukungezwani nokudla.
3. Ungayilawula Kanjani I-Eczema Yezingane
Imikhuba Yokunakekelwa Kwesikhumba Ngobumnene
Ukulawula i-eczema yezingane kuqala ngomkhuba wokunakekelwa kwesikhumba ngobumnene ogxile ekuthambiseni nasekuqeqesheni ukucasuka.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Geza ingane yakho njalo: Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele, futhi unciphise isikhathi sokugeza sibe yimizuzu engu-5-10 ukuvimbela isikhumba ukuba singomi. Gwema amanzi ashisayo, angacasula isikhumba.
- Sebenzisa insipho ethambile: Khetha izinsipho ezingenawo amakha, ezingenawo insipho eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile isikhumba esibucayi ukuze ugweme ukucasuka.
- Thambisa ngokushesha ngemva kokugeza: Faka isithambisi esiwugqinsi, esingenawo amakha esikhumbeni sengane yakho ngenkathi sisemanzi ukuze uvimbele umswakama. Bheka imikhiqizo eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izingane ezine-eczema, njengalezo eziqukethe ama-ceramide noma i-colloidal oatmeal.
- Gwema ukuhlikihla isikhumba: Omisa ngobumnene isikhumba ngethawula elithambile ngemva kokugeza, futhi gwema ukuhlikihla noma ukuhlikihla.
4. Ukwelapha Izifo Ze-Eczema
Imithi ye-Eczema
Uma i-eczema yengane yakho iqubuka, izindlela zokwelapha zingabandakanya imithi yendawo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nokudambisa ukulunywa.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Ama-corticosteroids asetshenziswa ngaphandle: Ama-creams noma ama-ointments e-corticosteroid angathambile angase anikezwe udokotela wakho wezingane ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nokucasuka ngesikhathi sokuqubuka.
- Ukwelashwa okungahlobene ne-steroidal: Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ama-calcineurin inhibitors asetshenziswa ngaphandle (njenge-tacrolimus) njengenye indlela kuma-steroids, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibucayi njengobuso noma eduze kwamehlo.
- Ama-antihistamines: Ama-antihistamines ngomlomo angase anconywe udokotela wakho ukuze kuncishiswe ukulunywa nokuvimbela ukuklwebha, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
Okufanele Ugweme
- Ungasebenzisi ama-creams noma ama-ointments e-hydrocortisone athengwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wezingane, ngoba lawa angase angaphephi ezinganeni futhi angase enze izimo ezithile zibe zimbi nakakhulu.
5. Ukuhlonza Nokugwema Izinto Ezicasulayo Ezivamile
Ukunciphisa Ukubekwa Ezimbangela
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ekulawuleni i-eczema yezingane ukuhlonza nokunciphisa ukubekwa ezintweni ezicasulayo ezaziwayo.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Khetha izinto zokuhlanza izingubo ezithambile: Sebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza izingubo ezingenawo amakha, ezingathinteki kalula lapho ugeza izingubo zengane yakho, amashidi, nezingubo zokulala.
- Gqoka izindwangu ezithambile: Khetha izingubo ezixegayo, ezithambile ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo, njengokotini. Gwema izindwangu ezinzima noma ezihlikihlayo njengoboya obungacasula isikhumba.
- Gcina izinga lokushisa elijabulisayo: Gcina indawo yengane yakho ipholile ngendlela ejabulisayo ukuze ugweme ukujuluka, okungasho ukuthi i-eczema.
- Sebenzisa i-humidifier: Cabanga ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ekamelweni lengane yakho ukuze ungeze umswakama emoyeni, ikakhulukazi ngezinyanga ezomile zasebusika, ukuze uvimbele isikhumba ukuba singomi kakhulu.
6. Ukudla Ne-Eczema
Ukungezwani Nokudla Ne-Eczema
Kwezinye izimo, ukungezwani nokudla kungaba nomthelela ekuqubukeni kwe-eczema. Ngenkathi kungavamile, ukudla okuthile kungase kubangele noma kubhebhethekise lesi simo ezinganeni.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Bheka udokotela wezingane noma uchwepheshe we-allergy: Uma usola ukuthi i-eczema yengane yakho ihlobene nokungezwani nokudla, xoxa ngokuphathwa nodokotela wakho. Bangase bacebise ukudla okunciphisa noma ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy ukuze kutholakale ukudla okubangelayo.
- Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uncelisa: Uma uncelisa, zama ukunciphisa ukudla okuthile (njengobisi noma amaqanda) ekudleni kwakho ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu kuyayithuthukisa yini i-eczema yengane yakho. Hlala ubonisana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni.
7. Nini Ukufuna Iseluleko Sezokwelapha
Ukwazi Ukuthi Nini Ukubonana Nodokotela
Ngenkathi i-eczema ethambile ingalawulwa ekhaya, izimo ezinzima kakhulu zingase zidinge ukwelashwa kochwepheshe.
Okufanele Ukwenze
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Bheka udokotela wakho wezingane uma:
- I-eczema ayithuthuki ngokunakekelwa ekhaya.
- Iqhaza liba nesifo (izimpawu zesifo zihlanganisa ububomvu obukhulu, ukufudumala, ubomvu, noma ubuhlungu).
- Ingane yakho ibhekana nokungakhululeki okukhulu noma ubunzima bokulala ngenxa yokulunywa.
- Usola ukuthi i-eczema yengane yakho ihlobene nokungezwani nokudla noma ezinye izimo ezingaphansi.
Ongakulindela Kudokotela Wakho Wezingane
Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okuqinile, akunike imithi, noma akunike udokotela wesikhumba ukuze akuhlole kabanzi. Bazosebenza nawe ukuze bakhe uhlelo oluqondene nawe lokulawula i-eczema.
8. Amacebiso Awusizo Kubazali
Ukunakekela Wena Nengane Yakho
Ukunakekela ingane ene-eczema kungaba inselele, futhi kubalulekile ukunakekela kokubili isikhumba sengane yakho nempilo yakho.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Yiba nesineke: I-eczema ingaba isimo sesikhathi eside, ngakho ukungaguquki ekwelapheni nasezindleleni zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile.
- Gcina inethiwekhi yokusekela: Funa usizo kubanye abazali, ochwepheshe bezempilo, noma amaforamu ase-inthanethi anikezelwe kwi-eczema ukuze uthole amacebiso nesikhuthazo.
- Fundisa umndeni wakho: Qinisekisa ukuthi abanye abanakekeli (ogogo nomkhulu, abasebenzi basesikhungweni sezingane, njll.) bayalwazi uhlelo lokuphathwa kwe-eczema yengane yakho ukuze kugcinwe ukungaguquki.
Isiphetho
Ukuphatha i-eczema yezingane kungaba umsebenzi oyinselele kodwa olawulekayo. Ngolwazi olufanele, ukwelashwa, namasu afanele, ungasiza ekudambiseni ukungakhululeki kwengane yakho futhi ukhuthaze isikhumba esinempilo, esinothile. Ngokuqonda okubangela i-eczema, ukwenza umkhuba wokunakekelwa kwesikhumba ngobumnene, nokusebenza nodokotela wakho wezingane, unganikeza usizo enganeni yakho futhi ulawule i-eczema ngempumelelo. Ukubekezela nokuzikhandla kubalulekile, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izingane eziningi ziyayidlula i-eczema njengoba zikhula.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. I-eczema yezingane ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
I-eczema ezinganeni ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka, kodwa ivamise ukuthuthuka njengoba zikhula. Iningi lezingane liyayidlula i-eczema lapho zineminyaka engu-3-5 ubudala.
2. Ingakwazi yini i-eczema ukulapheka?
Ngenkathi kungekho ukuphulukiswa kwe-eczema, ingalawulwa ngempumelelo ngezindlela zokwelapha ezifanele, izindlela zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila.
3. Ingakwazi yini i-eczema ukungenwa?
Cha, i-eczema ayinangenwa. Ayikwazi ukusatshalaliswa kusuka kumuntu oyedwa kuye komunye ngokuthintana.
4. Ingakwazi yini i-eczema yezingane ukubangelwa ingcindezi?
Ingcindezi ayivamile ukuba imbangela eqondile ye-eczema ezinganeni, kodwa ingcindezi ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukuqubuka ezinganeni esezinalesi simo.
5. Kufanele ngiyeke ukuncelisa uma ingane yami ine-eczema?
Ukuncelisa kuvame ukunconywa, njengoba ubisi lwebele lunikeza izakhi ezibalulekile nokusekelwa kwamasosha omzimba. Nokho, uma usola ukuthi ukungezwani nokudla kuba nomthelela kwi-eczema, xoxa nodokotela wakho wezingane mayelana nokulungisa ukudla kwakho.
