I-Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) yisifo esivamile segciwane esivame ukuphatha izingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5. Sibangelwa iqembu lamagciwane aziwa ngokuthi ama-enteroviruses futhi avame kakhulu phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo nasekwindla. Nakuba i-HFMD ingase ingakhululeki ezinganeni, ngokuvamile akusona isifo esibi futhi izingane eziningi ziyalulama phakathi nesonto kuya ezinsukwini ezingu-10 ngokunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bazazi izimpawu futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane.
Siyini Isifo Sezandla, Izinyawo, Nomlomo?
Isandla, unyawo, kanye nesifo somlomo isifo esibangelwa yigciwane elibonakala ngomkhuhlane kanye nokuqubuka noma izilonda ezandleni, ezinyaweni, nasemlonyeni. Kubangelwa iqoqo lamagciwane aziwa ngokuthi ama-enteroviruses, asakazwa ngokuthintana eduze nomuntu onaleli gciwane, noma ngokuthinta indawo engcolile noma izinto.
Izimbangela kanye Nezici Zobungozi
Ama-Enterovirus ayimbangela eyinhloko yesifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo. Amagciwane athathelwana kakhulu futhi angasakazwa ngokusondelana nomuntu onaleli gciwane, njengokugona, ukuqabulana, noma ukwabelana ngezitsha. Leli gciwane lingasakazwa futhi ngokuthintana nendawo engcolile noma izinto, njengamathoyizi noma izibambo zezicabha.
Izimpawu Nezimpawu
Izimpawu ze-HFMD zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-3-5 ngemva kokuchayeka kugciwane. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Imfiva
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukuqubuka noma amabhamuza ezandleni, ezinyaweni nasemlonyeni
- Ukulahlekelwa ukudla
- Ukucasuka
Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa
I-HFMD ivame ukutholwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawu nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwegciwane, futhi ama-antibiotics awasebenzi ngokumelene nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekudambiseni izimpawu nokwenza ingane ikhululeke, njengokudambisa imfiva nezidambisi zinhlungu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya Nokuvimbela
Abazali bangathatha izinyathelo zokusiza ingane yabo ukuba ikhululeke nakakhulu lapho ilulama ku-HFMD, njengokuyinikeza uketshezi oluningi, ukuyinikeza ukudla okuthambile okulula ukukugwinya, nokuzigcina ekhaya ukuze ziphumule. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane, njengokuzijwayeza inhlanzeko yezandla nokugwema ukusondelana nabanye.
Kufanele Ufune Nini Ukunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha
Nakuba i-HFMD ngokuvamile ingesona isifo esibi kakhulu, kunezinye izimo lapho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungase kudingeke khona. Uma ingane yakho izwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ingaphatheki kahle, inomkhuhlane ophezulu othatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, noma ibonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha.
HFMD kanye Isikole
I-HFMD ithelelana kakhulu, futhi kubalulekile ukugcina izingane ezinaleli gciwane ekhaya kuze kube yilapho zingasatheleleki. Kubalulekile nokwazisa isikole noma inkulisa yengane ukuze ithathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukusabalala kwegciwane.
I-HFMD Kubantu Abadala
Nakuba isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo sivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezingane, singase sithinte nabantu abadala. Eqinisweni, abantu abadala abangakaze bavezwe igciwane ngaphambili bangase babe sengozini enkulu ye-HFMD.
Izimpawu ze-HFMD kubantu abadala zifana nalezo zezingane futhi zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, nokuqubuka ezandleni, ezinyaweni nasemlonyeni. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abadala, izimpawu zingase zibe nzima kakhulu futhi zihlale isikhathi eside. Abantu abadala abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengalabo abathola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma abane-HIV, bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga.
Ukwelashwa kwe-HFMD kubantu abadala kufana nalokho ezinganeni futhi kugxile ekudambiseni izimpawu. Izinto ezidambisa izinhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter zingasiza ekwehliseni imfiva nokungakhululeki, kuyilapho iziwasho zomlomo nezifutho zinganikeza ukukhululeka kwezilonda zomlomo.
Ukuvimbela kubalulekile uma kuziwa ku-HFMD. Ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko, njengokugeza izandla njalo nokugwema ukusondelana nalabo abanaleli gciwane, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwaleli gciwane.
Isiphetho
Isandla, unyawo, kanye nesifo somlomo yisifo esivamile esihlasela izingane, kodwa singaphatha nabantu abadala. Nakuba ngokuvamile kuwukugula okuncane, kungaholela ezinkingeni kubantu abathile. Ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusabalala kwegciwane kubalulekile ekulawuleni nasekuvimbeleni i-HFMD.
