Igciwane elisha elifana ne-SARS lisabalala eChina futhi selithelele abantu abacela ku-300, ngokombiko wakamuva weNews24. Icala lokuqala lisanda kuhlonzwa eWashington e-USA, kanti izikhumulo zezindiza zisebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ukunqanda ukusabalala kwalesi sifo.
Leli gciwane libonakala liwuhlobo olusha ngokuphelele lwe-coronavirus (inoveli coronavirus noma i-2019-nCoV), yize kungenzeka ukuthi lihlobene eduze negciwane eladala i-acute acute kupumua syndrome (SARS) eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Ngakho-ke kuyini ngempela lokhu “kugula okusha” futhi kufana kanjani no-SARS?
1. Kungani ibizwa nge-'novel coronavirus' noma i-2019-nCoV?
Igama elithi "corona" lisho umqhele futhi "inoveli" lisho okusha. Lawa maqembu amagciwane aqanjwa ngokuthi i-coronavirus ngenxa yezikhonkwane ezihlukile, ezinjengomqhele ongazibona ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
Kutholwe uhlobo olusha, yingakho "inoveli". Isifinyezo sithi i-nCov futhi u-2019 uchaza unyaka eyahlonzwa ngawo okokuqala. Ukwenza kube lula, sizobhekisela kuyo njenge-coronavirus entsha.
2. Iyini ngempela i-coronavirus?
ICoronavirus yiqembu lamagciwane angabangela izinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu ezihlanganisa ikhala eligijimayo, umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nokukhwehlela noma umkhuhlane. Ezinye izimo zithambile kodwa ezinye zinzima kakhulu futhi zingaholela e-pneumonia ebulalayo.
Phambilini, izinhlobo ze-coronavirus ziye zadala ukuqubuka kwezifo ezimbi kakhulu, njenge-acute acute kupumua syndrome (SARS) eyabikwa okokuqala e-Asia ngoFebhuwari 2003, kanye nesifo sokuphefumula saseMpumalanga Ephakathi (MERS) esatholakala eSaudi-Arabia 2012.
Bobabili abakwa-SARS kanye ne-MERS babenezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. Amacala abulala kakhulu ahlanganisa inyumoniya.
3. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala zale coronavirus entsha?
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-coronavirus esanda kukhonjwa zibhalwe yiWorld Health Organisation
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaywa umoya kanye nokuphelelwa umoya
- Inyumoniya
- I-Acute Respiratory Syndrome
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso
Izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kweziyi-14 ngemuva kokuchayeka kugciwane
4. Kwaqala kuphi ukugqashuka okusha?
NgoDisemba 2019 isiguli edolobheni laseWuhan, eSifundazweni saseHubei eChina, kubikwa ukuthi sakhala ngezimpawu ezifana nenyumoniya futhi savakashela isibhedlela sendawo. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, iziguli ezinezinkinga zempilo ezifanayo futhi izikhulu zaqala ukuphenya ngalesi sifo esisha. Ngomhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2019, i-WHO yaxwayiswa ngamacala amaningana.
Ngemuva kwesonto elilodwa, ngomhlaka 7 Januwari, iziphathimandla zaseChina zaqinisekisa ukuthi zithole igciwane elisha. Igciwane elisha yi-coronavirus, okuwumndeni wamagciwane afaka umkhuhlane ojwayelekile, kanye namagciwane afana ne-SARS ne-MERS. Leli gciwane elisha laqanjwa okwesikhashana ngokuthi “2019-nCoV.”
Kusukela zingama-26 kuJanuwari 2020, bangaphezu kuka-2,000 abantu asebengenwe yileli gciwane, kanti abangama-58 bashonile.
5. Isakazeka kanjani i-coronavirus entsha?
Izikhulu zezempilo azikaqiniseki ngomthombo waleli gciwane noma ukuthi lingasakazeka kalula kanjani. AmaCoronavirus atholakala ezilwaneni eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amakamela, izinkomo, amakati namalulwane. Elinye iphepha locwaningo nalo laphakamisa izinyoka njengomthombo ongase ube khona. Leli gciwane elisha lingaxhunyaniswa nokudla kwasolwandle kanye nemakethe yezilwane ephilayo eWuhan esivalwe kusukela manje
Igciwane lingasakazeka lisuka komunye liye komunye. Izikhulu zezempilo zibona lokhu kwenzeka kaningi lapho abantu besondelene futhi besezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
6. Ingabe ukhona umgomo?
Awukho umuthi wokugoma, kodwa iNational Institutes of Health isebenza kuwo owodwa futhi inethemba lokuthi izoqala ukuhlolwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Lokho kuhlolwa bekuyoba okokuphepha. Uma iphephile, kuzoba nokuhlolwa ukubona ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani.
7. Yelashwa kanjani?
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwegciwane. Iziguli ngokuvamile zinikezwa ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kwezimpawu zazo, uketshezi olunjalo nezidambisi zinhlungu. Iziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela zingase zidinge ukwesekwa ngokuphefumula.
Ungawehlisa kanjani ubungozi bokutheleleka ngeCoronavirus:
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