Ukukhulelwa kuyinto emangalisayo egcwele injabulo, ukulindela, futhi kaningi, inani elikhulu lezeluleko. Kusukela kubangane abanezinhloso ezinhle kuya ezinkolelweni zamasiko asendulo, omama abakhulelwe bahlaselwa "imithetho" yokukhulelwa okungaba nzima ukuyazi. Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izeluleko ezisekelwe emaqinisweni. Ukuze sikusize uhlukanise iqiniso nenganekwane, asihlole izinganekwane ezivamile zokukhulelwa namaqiniso okudingeka uwazi ukuze wenze izinqumo ezifanele.
Insumansumane 1: Udla Ukudla Kwababili
Iqiniso: Nakuba udla ukuze ondle wena nomntanakho, lokhu akusho ukuphinda kabili inani lokudla kwakho. Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe badinga kuphela amakhalori engeziwe angu-300-500 ngosuku ezinyangeni zesibili nezintathu zokukhulelwa ukuze basekele ukukhula komntwana. Esikhundleni sokugxila enanini, beka phambili ukudla okugcwele izakhi ezifana nokudla okusanhlamvu, amaprotheni anamafutha amancane, izithelo, nemifino. Ukudla ngokweqile kungaholela ekukhuluphaleni okungadingekile nasezinkingeni ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Insumansumane 2: Ukugula Kwasekuseni Kwenzeka Ekuvukeni Kuphela
Iqiniso: Ukugula kwasekuseni kuyigama elingelona iqiniso. Isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuhambisana nokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhuphuka kwamazinga amahomoni, ikakhulukazi i-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Kwabanye abesifazane, isicanucanu sibi kakhulu ekuseni ngenxa yeshukela eliphansi egazini ngemva kobusuku bokuzila ukudla. Ukudla ukudla okuncane, okujwayelekile, ukugcina amakhekhe (crackers) eseduze, nokuhlala unamanzi anele kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.
Insumansumane 3: Kufanele Ugweme Konke Ukuzivocavoca
Iqiniso: Ukuzivocavoca akuphephile nje kuphela kodwa futhi kunenzuzo enkulu kubesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe. Imisebenzi efana nokuhamba, ukubhukuda, kanye ne-yoga yabakhulelwe ithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, iqinisa imisipha, futhi yehlise ukucindezeleka. Nokho, imidlalo enomthelela omkhulu noma ukuzivocavoca okungenzeka kube nokwehluleka kufanele kugwenywe. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukuqhubeka nanoma yimuphi umkhuba wokuzivocavoca ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kufanelekile esigabeni sakho sokukhulelwa.
Insumansumane 4: Ukuma Kwesisu Sakho Kubikezela Ubulili Bomntwana Wakho
Iqiniso: Ukuma kwesisu kuthonywa uhlobo lomzimba wakho, ithoni yemisipha, nokuthi umntwana ubekwe kanjani—hhayi ubulili bomntwana. Le nsumnasumane edumile iqhubeka emasikweni amaningi kodwa ayinasisekelo esiqinile sesayensi. Indlela kuphela ethembekile yokunquma ubulili bomntwana wakho isebenzisa izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezifana nama-ultrasound noma ukuhlolwa kofuzo.
Insumansumane 5: Abesifazane Abakhulelwe Kufanele Bagweme Konke Ukudla Kwasolwandle
Iqiniso: Nakuba ezinye izinhlanzi zingagwenywa ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e-mercury, izinhlobo eziningi zokudla kwasolwandle ziphephile futhi zinezinzuzo ezinkulu. Izinhlanzi ezifana ne-salmon, i-sardine, ne-trout ziyimithombo emihle ye-omega-3 fatty acids, esekela ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana wakho. Gwema izinhlanzi eziluhlaza nezinketho ezine-mercury ephezulu njenge-swordfish noshaka, kodwa jabulela ukudla kwasolwandle okuphekiwe ngokulinganisela—ukudla oku-2-3 ngeviki kuhle kakhulu.
Insumansumane 6: Ukushisa Kwenhliziyo Kusho Ukuthi Umntwana Wakho Uzoba Nezinwele Eziningi
Iqiniso: Nakuba le nsumnasumane isishaywe indiva, kuyinto engahleliwe ejabulisayo kunomhlahlandlela othembekile. Ukushisa kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwenzeka ngoba izinguquko zamahomoni zikhulula i-valve phakathi kwesisu nomphimbo wakho, okuvumela i-asidi yesisu ukuba ikhuphuke. Ukuthi umntwana wakho uzalwa enezinwele ezigcwele noma cha kuncike kakhulu ezofuzweni.
Insumansumane 7: Awukwazi Ukundiza Ngesikhathi Ukhulelwe
Iqiniso: Ukuhamba ngendiza kuphephile kubesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-trimester yesibili lapho kungenzeka uzizwe kahle kakhulu. Izindiza eziningi zivumela ukuhamba kuze kube cishe amasonto angu-36 okukhulelwa kubakhulelwe abangenazo izinkinga. Uma undiza, hlala unamanzi anele, hamba njalo ukuze uthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, futhi ugqoke amasokisi ocindezelo. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokundiza, ikakhulukazi uma unokukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu.
Insumansumane 8: Ukudla Okubabayo Kungadala Ukubeletha
Iqiniso: Ukudla okubabayo kungadala ukushisa kwenhliziyo noma ukungagayi kahle, kodwa akukho bufakazi besayensi obubonisa ukuthi kungadala ukubeletha. Ukubeletha kuqala ngenxa yenhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yezimpawu zamahomoni nokulungela ngokomzimba—hhayi izinqumo zokudla. Uma ususondela osukwini lokubeletha, kungcono ukuvumela umzimba wakho ubelethwe ngokwemvelo ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho eluleka ngenye indlela.
Insumansumane 9: Awukwazi Ukudaya Izinwele Zakho Ngesikhathi Ukhulelwe
Iqiniso: Umdayi wezinwele ngokuvamile uphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwe-trimester yokuqala. Umdayi wezinwele wanamuhla uqukethe amazinga aphansi amakhemikhali, okungenzeka angalimazi umntwana wakho. Ukuze uqaphele kakhulu, sebenzisa umdayi wezinwele ongenayo i-ammonia noma yemvelo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi indawo inomoya omuhle ngenkathi ufaka umkhiqizo. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho uma unezinkinga.
Insumansumane 10: Abesifazane Abakhulelwe Kufanele Bagweme Konke Ukudla Okune-caffeine
Iqiniso: Ukudla okulinganiselayo kwe-caffeine kuphephile kubesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe. Isincomo esivamile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine ku-200 mg ngosuku, okulingana nenkomishi eyodwa ye-ounce eyi-12 yekhofi. Qaphela imithombo efihliwe ye-caffeine, efana netiye, ushokoledi, namasoda athile. Ukudla okweqile kwe-caffeine kungandisa ingozi yokuzalwa komntwana onesisindo esiphansi noma ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ngakho-ke ukulinganisela kubalulekile.
Insumansumane 11: Ukucindezeleka Kuhlala Kulimaza Umntwana
Iqiniso: Ukucindezeleka okuncane kuyingxenye evamile yokuphila futhi akunakwenzeka ukulimaza umntwana wakho. Nokho, ukucindezeleka okungapheli noma okukhulu kungaba nemiphumela emibi kuwe nomntwana wakho, okungenzeka kuholele ezinkingeni ezifana nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa komntwana onesisindo esiphansi. Zilungiselele ukucindezeleka ngamakhono afana nokuphefumula okujulile, ukuzindla, noma i-yoga, futhi ufune usizo lochwepheshe uma ukucindezeleka kuba kukhulu kakhulu.
Insumansumane 12: Izifiso Zibonisa Ukushoda Kwezakhi
Iqiniso: Izifiso zokukhulelwa zenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni kunokushoda kwangempela kwezakhi. Nakuba ezinye izifiso zingahambisana nezidingo zomzimba wakho, ezinye zingokwengqondo nje. Ukuzitika ngezifiso zakho ngezikhathi ezithile kulungile, kodwa ukudla ukudla okunomsoco yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi wena nomntwana wakho nithola zonke izakhi enizidingayo.
Insumansumane 13: Akuphephile Ukulala Ngomhlane
Iqiniso: Ukulala ngomhlane ngokuvamile kuphephile ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala kodwa kungase kube buhlungu noma kungalungele kakhulu ezigabeni zakamuva zokukhulelwa. Ukulala ubheke phezulu ngenkathi ukhulelwe ezigabeni zesibili nezithathu kungacindezela imithambo yegazi emikhulu futhi kunciphise ukujikeleza kwegazi kumntwana wakho. Ochwepheshe batusa ukulala ohlangothini, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lwesokunxele, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza kwegazi.
Insumansumane 14: Ama-ultrasound Aylimaza Umntwana
Iqiniso: Ama-ultrasound ayithuluzi eliphephile nelibalulekile lokubheka ukukhula nokuthuthuka komntwana wakho. Akukho bufakazi obubonisa ukuthi ama-ultrasound ajwayelekile alimaza umntwana uma enziwa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe. Lezi zithombe zinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yomntwana wakho futhi zingasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokuqala.
Insumansumane 15: Ubuhlungu Bokubeletha Bufana Kuwo Wonke Umuntu Wesifazane
Iqiniso: Ubuhlungu bokubeletha buhluka kakhulu kumuntu wesifazane ngamunye. Izici ezifana nesikhundla somntwana, ubude besikhathi sokubeletha, nokubekezela komuntu ngabanye kuthonya umuzwa. Izinketho zokuphatha ubuhlungu zisukela ezindleleni zemvelo ezifana nokuzivocavoca ukuphefumula kuya ezindleleni zokwelapha ezifana ne-epidural. Kubalulekile ukuhlola nokukhetha izindlela ezisebenzela wena kangcono kakhulu.
Isiphetho
Izinganekwane zokukhulelwa zingaba mnandi, kodwa zivame ukudala ukudideka okungadingekile noma ukukhathazeka. Ukuqonda amaqiniso mayelana nokukhulelwa kukusiza wenze izinqumo ezifanele futhi ugxile ekujabuleleni lesi sikhathi esikhethekile. Njalo thembela ezelulekweni ezivela kochwepheshe bezempilo abathembekile kanye nezinsiza ezisekelwe ebufakazini ukuze zikuqondise ohambweni lwakho. Ngokuhlukanisa iqiniso nenganekwane, ungalamukela ukukhulelwa kwakho ngokuzethemba nangokucacile.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. Ingabe ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungalimaza umntwana wami?
Ukucindezeleka okuncane akunakwenzeka ukulimaza umntwana wakho, kodwa ukucindezeleka okungapheli noma okukhulu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Zilungiselele ukucindezeleka ngamakhono okuphumula futhi ufune usizo uma kudingeka.
2. Ingabe i-caffeine ayivunyelwe nhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Cha, ukudla okulinganiselayo kwe-caffeine kuphephile. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho ku-200 mg ngosuku, okulingana nenkomishi eyodwa yekhofi.
3. Ingabe ukushisa kwenhliziyo kusho ukuthi umntwana wami uzoba nezinwele eziningi?
Akunjalo. Ukushisa kwenhliziyo kubangelwa izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nengcindezi yomzimba esiswini, hhayi ukukhula kwezinwele zomntwana wakho.
4. Ingabe ukudla kwasolwandle kuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Yebo, ukudla kwasolwandle okuphekiwe okune-mercury ephansi, njenge-salmon nokhakhayi (shrimp), kuphephile futhi kunenzuzo. Gwema izinhlanzi eziluhlaza nezinketho ezine-mercury ephezulu.
5. Kufanele ngikugweme ukuzivocavoca ngenkathi ngikhulelwe?
Akunjalo. Ukuzivocavoca okuphephile, okulinganiselayo njengokuhamba noma i-yoga yabakhulelwe kunenzuzo. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukuqhubeka nanoma yimuphi umkhuba wokuzivocavoca.
