Ukuphela kokukhulelwa noma ukuchitheka kwesisu ngaphambi kwesonto lama-20, kuyinto ebuhlungu kakhulu futhi evame ukudabukisa. Kujwayelekile ngaphezu kwalokho abaningi abakubonayo, ngoba cishe u-10-20% wokukhulelwa okwaziwayo kuphela ngokuchitheka kwesisu. Naphezu kokujwayela kwayo, ukuphela kokukhulelwa kuvame ukungaqondakali, kugubuzelwe ukuthula, futhi kuhambisana nokungaqondi kahle. Ukuqonda izimbangela, ukubona izinto ezibeka engozini, nokuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula lezi zingozi kungakhuthaza abesifazane nabalingani babo njengoba bebhekana nobunzima bokukhulelwa.
Kuyini Ukuchitheka Kwesisu?
Ukuchitheka kwesisu kuwukulahleka kokukhulelwa okwenzeka ngokwakho ngaphambi kokuba kufinyelele ezingeni lokuhlala, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kwesonto lama-20. Ukuchitheka kwesisu okuningi kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa, ngenxa yokungahambi kahle kwamakhromosome okuvimbela i-embryo ukuba ingakhuli kahle. Lokhu kungahambi kahle kuvame ukuba yizinto ezingalawuleki futhi ezingenakuvinjelwa, futhi kuyindlela yemvelo yomzimba eqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhulelwa okungahlala isikhathi eside kuphela okuqhubekayo. Nakuba le ncazelo iyiyezesayensi, umthelela ongokomzwelo wokuchitheka kwesisu ungaba mkhulu kakhulu, ushiya abesifazane abaningi nemindeni inesizungu esijulile.
Izimpawu Zokuchitheka Kwesisu
Ukuqonda izimpawu zokuchitheka kwesisu kungakusiza ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele. Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kusukela ekopheni okuncane kuya kokukhulu
- Ukuqaqamba noma ubuhlungu esiswini esingezansi noma emhlane
- Ukuphuma kwenyama noma amahlule esitho sangasese sowesifazane
- Ukwehla okungazelelwe kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa, njengesicanucanu noma ubuhlungu besifuba
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akukhona konke ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okubangela ukuchitheka kwesisu. Abanye abesifazane baba nokopha okuncane noma okuphakathi bese beqhubeka nokuba nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Nokho, noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale imbangela futhi kuqinisekiswe ukunakekelwa okufanele.
Izinto Ezibeka Engozini Yokuchitheka Kwesisu
Nakuba ukuchitheka kwesisu kungenzeka kunoma ubani, izinto ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi:
Iminyaka Yowesifazane: Abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-35 nangaphezulu banengozi enkulu yokuchitheka kwesisu, njengoba amathuba okungahambi kahle kwamakhromosome enyuka ngeminyaka.
Ukuchitheka Kwesisu Okwedlule: Umlando wokuchitheka kwesisu okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kungakhuphula ingozi yokulahleka kokukhulelwa okuzayo, ikakhulukazi uma imbangela engaphansi ingakatholakali noma ingakalungiswa.
Izimo Zempilo: Izimo ezingapheli njengesifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwegilo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, nezifo ezingelapheki njenge-lupus zingakhuphula ingozi yokuchitheka kwesisu, ikakhulukazi uma lezi zimo zingalawulwa kahle.
Izinto Zempilo: Ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyizinto ezinkulu ezibeka engozini. Ukungondleki kahle, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala nje, nokucindezeleka okwedlulele kungadlala indima.
Izifo: Izifo ezithile, njenge-listeria, i-toxoplasmosis, i-rubella, nezifo ezithathelana ngocansi (STIs), zingakhuphula ingozi yokulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa.
Ukungahambi Kahle Kwesibeletho Noma Kwesibeletho: Izinkinga zesakhiwo njengama-fibroids, izibazi zesibeletho, noma isibeletho esingafanele zingathinta ikhono lokukhulelwa kuze kube sekupheleni.
Ukuvezwa Kwemvelo: Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ezintweni ezinobuthi, njengezinsimbi ezinzima, izibulala-zinambuzane, noma imisebe, kungathinta imiphumela yokukhulelwa.
Isisindo: Ukuba mncane kakhulu noma ukhuluphele kakhulu kungaba nomthelela ekungalinganini kwamahomoni noma ezinye izinkinga ezikhuphula ingozi yokuchitheka kwesisu.
Izimbangela Zokuchitheka Kwesisu
Nakuba ukuchitheka kwesisu okuningi kubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwamakhromosome, ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona zihlanganisa:
- Ukungalingani Kwamahomoni: Izimo ezinjenge-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) noma amazinga anganele e-progesterone zingaphazamisa ukukhulelwa kokuqala.
- Izinkinga Zokujiya Kwegazi: Izimo ezinjenge-antiphospholipid syndrome zingakhuphula amathuba okuchitheka kwesisu ngokuthinta ukugeleza kwegazi eliya ku-placenta.
- Izinkinga Zesistimu Yomzimba Yokuvikela Izifo: Izimo zokuzivikela komzimba zingabangela ukuba umzimba uhlasele ukukhulelwa okusakhula.
- Ukulimala Okukhulu Noma Isifo: Ukulimala komzimba noma izifo ezinzima kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokukhulelwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukuvimbela Ukuchitheka Kwesisu
Akukhona konke ukuchitheka kwesisu okungavinjelwa, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwamakhromosome. Nokho, kukhona izinyathelo zokuqapha ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho futhi usekele ukukhulelwa okunempilo:
Gcina Indlela Yokuphila Ephilile:
Yidla ukudla okunomsoco okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, amaprotheni anamafutha amancane, okusanhlamvu okugcwele, namafutha anempilo. Gwema ukubhema, utshwala, nezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa, ngoba lezi zinto zingalimaza ukukhula komntwana wakho futhi zikhuphule amathuba okuchitheka kwesisu. Ukuzivocavoca okulingene, njengokuhamba, ukubhukuda, noma i-yoga yangaphambi kokubeletha, kungakusiza futhi ugcine impilo engokwenyama futhi ulawule ukucindezeleka.
Thatha Amavithamini Angaphambi Kokubeletha:
Amavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha aqukethe i-folic acid abalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukungahambi kahle kwe-neural tube nasekusizeni ukukhula kombungu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nanoma yiziphi izithasiselo ezengeziwe, njenge-calcium, insimbi, noma i-vitamin D, ezingaba nomthelela ekukhulelweni kwakho.
Lawula Izimo Ezingapheli:
Uma unesifo esingapheli njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma isifo segilo, sebenzisana eduze nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze usilawule ngaphambi nangaleso sikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukulawulwa okufanele kwalezi zimo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuchitheka kwesisu.
Hlala Uphuza Amanzi Futhi Ulandele Ukuphepha Kokudla:
Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukuze usekele ivolumu yegazi lomzimba wakho eyandisiwe. Gwema inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekwe kahle, ubisi olungahlanjwanga, nemifino engagezwanga ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yezifo ezithathelana ngokudla njenge-listeria noma i-toxoplasmosis.
Nciphisa Ukucindezeleka:
Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungathinta ukulingana kwamahomoni akho nempilo yakho yonke. Yenza izindlela zokuphumula njengokuphefumula okujulile, ukuzindla, noma ukubhucunga ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuze ukhuthaze impilo engokomzwelo.
Funa Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha Ngokushesha:
Ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngaphambi kokubeletha kungabona izinkinga ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi futhi kuvumele udokotela wakho ukuba abheke ukukhulelwa kwakho eduze. Xoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, indlela yokuphila, nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ukuze uthole iseluleko nokunakekelwa okwenziwe ngabantu.
Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Usemngozini Omkhulu
Uma wazi ukuthi unengozi enkulu yokuchitheka kwesisu ngenxa yobudala, ukulahlekelwa okwedlule, noma isifo esingaphansi, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Xhumana Nomchwepheshe: Sebenzisana nomchwepheshe wezokwelapha ozokwazi ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele izidingo zakho ezithile.
Hlolwa: Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma izifundo zokuthwebula izithombe ukuze abone noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ezingathinta ukukhulelwa kwakho.
Cabanga Ngokungenela Kwezokwelapha: Kwezinye izimo, ukwelapha okufana nezithasiselo ze-progesterone noma i-cervical cerclage kungase kusetshenziswe ukuze kusekelwe ukukhulelwa okusemngozini omkhulu.
Bheka Ukukhulelwa Kwakho Eduze: Ama-ultrasound avamile noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kudingeke ukuze kulandelwe ukukhula komntwana wakho futhi kuqinisekiswe impilo yakho.
Ukubhekana Nokuchitheka Kwesisu
Ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo bokuchitheka kwesisu bungaba bukhulu kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuvuma imizwa yakho futhi ufune usizo:
Khuluma Ngemizwa Yakho: Yabelana ngemizwa yakho nomngane othembekile, ilungu lomndeni, noma umeluleki. Amaqembu okweseka nawo angakwazi ukunikeza induduzo nokuxhumana nabanye abaqonda okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho.
Zivumele Ukuba Ukhale: Ukukhala kuyinqubo yomuntu siqu, futhi akukho ndlela efanele noma engafanele yokubhekana nakho. Zivumele isikhathi nendawo oyidingayo ukuze ululame.
Dala Inkumbulo: Eminye imindeni ithola induduzo ekudaleni isikhumbuzo noma isikhumbuzo ukuze ihloniphe ukukhulelwa futhi ivume ukulahlekelwa kwayo.
Gxila Ekwelapheni: Ukwelapha ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kubalulekile ngemva kokuchitheka kwesisu. Landela izincomo zikadokotela wakho zokululama futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo.
Nini Ukufuna Usizo Lwezokwelapha
Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukopha okukhulu noma ukuphuma kwamahlule amakhulu
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma bomhlane
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, ukugodola, noma ukuphuma okukhipha iphunga elibi
- Ukudabuka okungapheli, ukukhathazeka, noma ubunzima bokubhekana nokulahlekelwa kwakho
Udokhter wakho anganikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, nokuqondisa ngokuhlela ukukhulelwa okuzayo.
Isiphetho
Ukuchitheka kwesisu kuyinto enzima futhi engokomzwelo, kodwa ukuqonda izinto ezibeka engozini nezimbangela kungakunika amandla okuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha ekukhulelweni okunempilo. Nakuba ezinye izinto zingaphezu kwamandla akho, ukugxila empilweni yakho yonke, ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngokushesha, nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimo ezingaphansi kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho. Uma uhlangabezana nokuchitheka kwesisu, khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa, futhi usizo luyatholakala ukuze lukusize ululame ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Ngokwethembela eqenjini lakho lezempilo, obathandayo, nomphakathi, ungakwazi ukubhekana nalolu hambo ngamandla nethemba ngekusasa.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuchitheka kwesisu?
Nakuba ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungathinta ukulingana kwamahomoni akho, akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukuchitheka kwesisu ngokuqondile. Nokho, ukulawula ukucindezeleka kubalulekile empilweni yonke yokukhulelwa.
Ingabe ukuchitheka kwesisu kujwayeleke kakhulu ekukhulelweni kokuqala?
Akukho ubufakazi obuqandekayo bokuthi ukuchitheka kwesisu kujwayeleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala. Izinto ezibeka engozini, kunokuba uhlelo lokukhulelwa, zidlala indima enkulu.
Ngingazama nini ukukhulelwa ngemva kokuchitheka kwesisu?
Odokotela abaningi batusa ukulinda kuze kube ngemva komjikelezo owodwa noma emibili ejwayelekile yokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kokuzama futhi. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba wakho isikhathi sokululama nokululama ngokomzwelo.
Ngingakwazi ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kwesisu ngokuphelele?
Nakuba ungeke ukwazi ukuqeda zonke izinto ezibeka engozini, ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukulawula izimo ezingapheli, nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kunganciphisa ingozi yakho.
Ingabe ukuchitheka kwesisu okwedlule kusho ukuthi ngizoba nokunye?
Abesifazane abaningi abahlangabezana nokuchitheka kwesisu baqhubeka nokuba nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Uma usuvele uchithe isisu kaningi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlole izimbangela ezingaba khona nezixazululo.
