Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi senjabulo nethemba, kodwa futhi kuza nezinselele zako. Okunye okukhathazayo kakhulu umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, owaziwa ngokuthi i-pregnancy hypertension. Lesi simo singathinta umama nosana, okwenza kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo zaso, izimpawu, izingozi, namasu okulawula. Ngokuhlala unolwazi futhi uqaphele, omama abakhulelwe banganciphisa izinkinga ezingase zivele futhi baqinisekise ukukhulelwa okunempilo.
Uyini Umfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa?
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa usho ukukhuphuka komfutho wegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nakuba umfutho wegazi ungamandla egazi licindezela ezindongeni zemithambo, ukukhuphuka okuqhubekayo ngaphezu kwe-140/90 mmHg ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubhekwa njengomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lesi simo singase sibe sesikhashana, sithuthuke njengengozi yokukhulelwa, noma sibe khona ngaphambi kokukhulelwa uqobo.
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungabonakali, kodwa imithelela yawo ingaba yimbi uma ingalawulwa kahle. Ukubheka njalo nokutholakala kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.
Izinhlobo Zomfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
1. Umfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ongapheli (Chronic Hypertension)
Lolu hlobo lomfutho wegazi ophezulu luba khona ngaphambi kokukhulelwa noma lutholakala ngaphambi kwamaviki angu-20 okukhulelwa. Abesifazane abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongapheli basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezifana ne-preeclampsia futhi badinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela kukho konke ukukhulelwa kwabo.
2. Umfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Okwesikhashana (Gestational Hypertension)
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okwesikhashana uthuthuka ngemuva kwamaviki angu-20 okukhulelwa kwabesifazane ababenenomfutho wegazi ojwayelekile ngaphambilini. Nakuba uvame ukudlula ngemuva kokubeletha, ngezinye izikhathi ungathuthukela ku-preeclampsia.
3. I-Preeclampsia
I-Preeclampsia iwuhlobo olunzima lomfutho wegazi ophezulu oluvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwamaviki angu-20 okukhulelwa. Luhilela umfutho wegazi ophezulu nezimpawu zokulimala kwezitho zomzimba, njenge-protein emchameni, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, noma inani eliphansi lamaplatelet. I-Preeclampsia ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kumama nasenganeni uma ingelashwa.
4. I-Eclampsia
I-Eclampsia iyinkinga ethuthukile nenzima ye-preeclampsia efaka nokushaya kwesifo. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi sidinga ukungenelela okusheshayo ukuze kulondeke impilo kamama nosana.
Izimbangela Zomfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
Izimbangela eziqondile zomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa azicacile ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa izinto eziningana zingafaka isandla:
- Izakhi Zofuzo: Umlando womndeni womfutho wegazi ophezulu ungandisa ingozi.
- Iminyaka: Abesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-20 noma abangaphezu kwengu-35 basengozini enkulu yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukukhulelwa Kokuqala: Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu.
- Ukukhulelwa Okuningi: Ukukhulelwa kwamawele noma okungaphezulu kwandisa ingcindezi emzimbeni.
- Ukukhuluphala Kakhulu: Isisindo esiningi sibeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni.
- Izimo Ezingaphansi: Izinkinga zezempilo ezikhona kakade njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso zingafaka isandla.
Izimpawu Zomfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
Nakuba abanye abesifazane bengase bangabonisi izimpawu ezicacile, abanye bangase babe nalokhu:
- Amakhanda abuhlungu kakhulu noma aqhubekayo
- Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma ebusweni (edema)
- Ukuqubuka okungazelelwe kwesisindo
- Ukubona okufiphele noma ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
- Ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesokudla
- Ukuphefumula okufushane
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Ukuncipha komthamo womchamo
Uma kunoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kuyadingeka ukuze kukhishwe izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana ne-preeclampsia noma i-eclampsia.
Izingozi Ezihlobene Nomfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
Kumama
- Ukonakala Kwezitho Zomzimba: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu oqhubekayo ungaholela ekonakaleni kwezitho ezibalulekile njengezinso, isibindi, nobuchopho.
- Ukuhlukana Kweplacentha: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wandisa ingozi yokuthi iplacentha ihlukane ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibelethweni, okudala izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Ukushaya Kwesifo: I-Eclampsia ingaholela ekushayeni kwesifo okuyingozi empilweni.
- Isifo Sohlangothi: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wandisa ingozi yesifo sohlangothi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha.
Enganeni
- Ukukhula Okunqandekile: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu unganciphisa ukugeleza komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba enganeni, okuholela ekukhuleni okunqandekile.
- Ukuzalwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi: Ukuze kuvikelwe umama nosana, ukubeletha kusenesikhathi kungase kudingeke, okuholela ezinkingeni ezingase zibe khona enganeni.
- Isisindo Esincane Ekuzalweni: Ukugeleza kwegazi okunqandekile kungaholela ezinganeni ezinesisindo esincane ekuzalweni.
- Ukuzalwa Oshonile: Ezimweni ezinzima, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungaholela ekushoneni kosana.
Ukuxilongwa Nokubhekwa
Ukuvakasha njalo kodokotela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile ekuboneni nasekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangase basebenzise amathuluzi nezivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- Ukubhekwa Komfutho Wegazi: Ukuhlolwa njalo kuqinisekisa ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kwanoma yikuphi ukungajwayeleki.
- Ukuhlolwa Komchamo: Kuthola amazinga amaprotheni angase abonise i-preeclampsia.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Kuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi nezinso kanye nenani lamaplatelet.
- I-Ultrasound: Kubheka ukukhula kosana namazinga omthamo wokubeletha.
- Ukuhlolwa Okungaqedi Amandla: Kuhlola izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo losana nokunyakaza.
Ukulawula Umfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
Izinguquko Zempilo
- Ukudla Okunempilo: Gxila ezithelweni ezintsha, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, namaprotheni anamafutha amancane ngenkathi unciphisa ukudla usawoti.
- Ukuzivocavoca Njalo: Imisebenzi elula efana nokuhamba noma i-yoga yasekhaya ingathuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi nempilo yonke.
- Ukunciphisa Ingcindezi: Imikhuba efana nokuzindla, ukuphefumula okujulile, nokuba nesithukuthezi ingasiza ekunciphiseni umfutho wegazi.
- Ukuphumula Okwanele: Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ubuthongo obanele nesikhathi sokuphumula ukuze unciphise ingcindezi emzimbeni wakho.
Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha
Kwezinye izimo, imishanguzo iyadingeka ukuze kulawulwe umfutho wegazi. Ngaso sonke isikhathi thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uphephile kuwe nasosana lwakho.
Ukubhekwa Njalo
Ukubhekwa komfutho wegazi ekhaya kukuvumela ukuthi ulandelele izinguquko phakathi kokuvakasha kukadokotela. Yabelana ngezilinganiso zakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze athole izilinganiso ezinembile.
Ukuvimbela Umfutho Wegazi Ophezulu Ngokukhulelwa
Nakuba kungekona konke okungavinjelwa, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi:
- Qiniseka ukuthi unesisindo esinempilo ngaphambi nangalesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Gwema ukubhema notshwala.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco, okunosawoti omncane.
- Hlala usebenza ngokuzivocavoca njalo, okulinganiselayo.
- Hlela zonke izikhathi zokuya kudokotela ukuze kutholakale kusenesikhathi noma yiziphi izinkinga.
Ukubeletha Nokunakekelwa Ngemuva Kokubeletha
Ezimweni eziningi, ukubeletha kuyikwelashwa kokugcina komfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma isimo sinzima, ukubeletha kusenesikhathi kungase kunconywe ukuze kuvikelwe umama nosana. Ngemuva kokubeletha, umfutho wegazi uvame ukujwayeleka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kodwa abanye abesifazane bangadinga ukubhekwa okuqhubekayo noma ukwelashwa.
Ukunakekelwa ngemuva kokubeletha kubaluleke kakhulu. Izimo ezifana ne-postpartum preeclampsia zingathuthuka ngisho nangemva kokubeletha, ngakho kubalulekile ukuya ezikhathini zokuya kudokotela futhi ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile.
Isiphetho
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uyisimo esibi kodwa esingalawuleka. Ngokuhlala unolwazi, ukugcina impilo enempilo, nokusebenza eduze nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, unganciphisa izingozi futhi uqinisekise umphumela ongcono kakhulu kuwe nakusana lwakho. Thembela ezicini zakho futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha noma nini lapho okuthile kungahambi kahle—impilo yakho nempilo yosana lwakho kuncike kukho.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile Ukubuzwa
1. Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi komfutho wegazi ophezulu okwesikhashana ne-preeclampsia?
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okwesikhashana uhilela umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokulimala kwezitho zomzimba, kanti i-preeclampsia ifaka umfutho wegazi ophezulu nezinkinga ezengeziwe ezifana namaprotheni emchameni noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi.
2. Ingabe umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ungathinta ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo?
Yebo, ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ekukhulelweni okukodwa kungandisa ingozi yokuthi kwenzeke ekukhulelweni okulandelayo. Kubalulekile ukwazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha.
3. Ungatholakala nini umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongapheli uvame ukutholakala ngaphambi kokukhulelwa noma phakathi kwamaviki angu-20 okuqala. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okwesikhashana uvame ukuthuthuka ngemuva kweviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa.
4. Ingabe umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uhlala uyingozi?
Akukhona konke okunzima, kodwa konke kudinga ukubhekwa. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongelawuleki ungaholela ezinkingeni, ngakho ukutholakala kusenesikhathi nokulawula kubalulekile.
5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuvimbela umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Nakuba kungeke kuvinjelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukugcina impilo enempilo, ukuhlala usebenza, nokuya ezikhathini zokuya kudokotela njalo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.
