Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila komntwana wakho ibalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukeni kwakhe. Ukudla okunomsoco kudlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi omncane wakho une-nutrients elungele ukweseka ukukhula kwakhe ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, nangokomzwelo. Kusukela obisini lwebele kuya ekudleni okuqinile, ukuqonda izigaba ezahlukene zokudla komntwana nokwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele kumethulwe kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezizuzisa impilo yomntwana wakho. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokudla komntwana, okuhlanganisa nokuthi yini okufanele uyiphe omncane wakho ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene namathiphu okukhula okufanele.
1. Indima yobisi lwebele noma iFormula ekudleni komntwana
Ukuncelisa: Ukudla Kokuqala Okuhle Kakhulu
Ubisi lwebele lubhekwa kabanzi njengezinga legolide lokudla kwezingane, lunikeza ibhalansi efanele yezakhamzimba, amasosha omzimba, nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezisekela amasosha omzimba nokukhula komntwana wakho. Kuyasiza futhi ukusungula ubudlelwane obuqinile phakathi kwakho nomntwana wakho. Ukuncelisa kuphela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala kunconywa yi-World Health Organization (WHO) kanye ne-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Ncelisa uma ecela: Ezinyangeni zokuqala, ncelisa umntwana wakho noma nini lapho ebonisa izimpawu zendlala, okungase kube njalo njalo ngamahora angu-2-3.
- Cabangela ezinye izindlela zobisi lwebele: Uma ukuncelisa kungenzeki noma kungathandeki, i-formula yomntwana iyindlela efanelekile ehlinzeka ngezinto ezibalulekile ezidingekayo. Khetha i-formula efanele iminyaka nezidingo zomntwana wakho.
- Qhubeka nokuncelisa ngokudla okuqinile: Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, qhubeka nokuncelisa eduze nokwethulwa kokudla okuqinile, uma kungenzeka, ukuze uthole ukudla okunomsoco okwengeziwe.
Ukuncelisa ngeFormula
Uma uncelisa nge-formula, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-formula efanele iminyaka nezidingo zomntwana wakho zokudla okunomsoco. Ama-formula omntwana aklanyelwe ukulingisa ubisi lwebele ngokwezakhamzimba, amavithamini, namaminerali, okuqinisekisa ukukhula nokuthuthuka komntwana wakho.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Lungisa i-formula ngendlela efanele: Landela imihlahlandlela yomenzi yokuxuba i-formula, futhi ugweme ukuyinciphisa kakhulu noma ukusebenzisa i-formula ephelelwe yisikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana wakho uthola izinto ezifanele ezidingekayo.
- Hlanza amabhodlela okuncelisa: Hlanza futhi ugcwele amabhodlela namabele ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ngakunye ukuvimbela ukungcola kwamabhaktheriya.
2. Kwethulwa Ukudla Okuqinile
Isikhathi Esifanele Sokuqala
Cishe ngezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, izidingo zokudla okunomsoco zomntwana wakho ziqala ukushintsha, futhi sebekulungele ukuqala ukudla okuqinile. Kulesi sigaba, ubisi lwebele noma i-formula kuseyoba umthombo wabo oyinhloko wokudla okunomsoco, kodwa ukwethulwa kokudla okuqinile kuzokwengeza ekudleni kwabo futhi kubasize bathuthukise amakhono abalulekile, njengokuhlafuna nokugwinya.
Izimpawu Zokuthi Umntwana Wakho Ukulungele Ukudla Okuqinile
- Ukuhlala phansi ngosizo
- Ukubonisa intshisekelo ekudleni
- Ukulahlekelwa ukucwayiza kolimi (lapho bengasaphushi ukudla ngolimi lwabo)
- Ukufinyelela ukudla noma ukuvula umlomo wabo lapho kunikezwa ukudla
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Qala nge-single-grain baby cereal: Qala nge-rice noma i-oatmeal cereal eqinisiwe nge-iron exutshwe nobisi lwebele noma i-formula. Nikeza isipuni esincane, futhi kancane kancane ukhuphule inani njengoba umntwana wakho ejwayela ukuthungwa.
- Kwethulwa izithelo nemifino egayiwe: Ngemuva kwama-cereals, kwethula izithelo nemifino egayiwe efana nama-apula, amapheya, ubhatata, namakaroti. Lokhu kulula ukugayeka ezinganeni futhi kunikeza amavithamini namaminerali abalulekile.
- Bheka ukungezwani komzimba: Kwethula ukudla okusha ngakunye bese ulinda izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokungeza okunye ukuze ubheke noma yiziphi izimpawu zokungezwani kokudla, njengama-rashes, isifo sohudo, noma ukuhlanza.
3. Ukuqonda Indima yeProtein, Ama-Carbohydrate, namaFats
Iprotein Yokukhula Nokuthuthuka
Iprotein ibalulekile ekukhuleni komntwana wakho, ekuthuthukiseni imisipha, nasekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba. Ukudla okune-protein eningi okufana nenyama, inkukhu, inhlanzi, amaqanda, nama-legumes kufanele kwethulwe kancane kancane njengoba umntwana wakho ejwayela ukudla okuqinile.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Kwethulwa inyama egayiwe: Nikeza izingxenye ezincane zenyama egayiwe efana nenkukhu, i-turkey, noma inyama yenkomo, okuyimithombo emihle ye-protein ne-iron.
- Amaqanda njengomthombo we-protein: Amaqanda agaywe noma amaqanda abilisiwe agaywe ayimithombo emihle ye-protein futhi kulula ukuyifaka ekudleni komntwana wakho.
Ama-Carbohydrate Amandla
Ama-carbohydrate angumthombo oyinhloko wamandla omntwana wakho. Izinhlamvu eziphelele, izithelo, nemifino yimithombo emihle yama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, ahlinzeka ngamandla ahlala isikhathi eside futhi asize ekugayekeni kokudla.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Nikeza imifino egaywe noma egayiwe: Ubhatata, amakaroti, uphizi, nethanga yimithombo emihle yama-carbohydrate ne-fiber.
- Zama izinhlamvu eziphelele: Ilayisi elinsundu, i-oats, ne-quinoa yizinketho ezinhle zokwethula njengoba umntwana wakho ejwayela ukuthungwa okuhlukile.
Amafats Anempilo Ekuthuthukeni Kobuchopho
Amafats abalulekile ekuthuthukeni kobuchopho bomntwana wakho, ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba, nasekugcineni amandla. Faka amafats anempilo emithonjeni efana nobisi lwebele, i-avocado, nenhlanzi enamafutha.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Ama-avocado: Acebile ngamafats anempilo, ama-avocado ayisidlo esihle kakhulu sokwethula ekuqaleni. Ungagaya noma ugaye i-avocado ukuze unikeze umntwana wakho inketho ebushelelezi, enezakhamzimba eziningi.
- Inhlanzi enamafutha: Uma umntwana wakho ekulungele, zama ukwethula inhlanzi egayiwe noma eqoshwe efana ne-salmon, ehlinzeka ngama-omega-3 fatty acids abalulekile ekuthuthukeni kobuchopho.
4. Ukufaka Amanzi: Amanzi Nejusi
Ukubaluleka Kokufaka Amanzi
Ngenkathi ubisi lwebele noma i-formula kunikeza iningi lezidingo zamanzi zomntwana wakho onyakeni wokuqala, ungaqala ukwethula amanzi cishe ngezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Kulesi sigaba, amanzi asiza ukugcina umntwana wakho efakwe amanzi njengoba eqala ukudla okuqinile.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Nikeza amanzi amancane: Nikeza umntwana wakho amanzi amancane esitsheni esincelisayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudla.
- Gwema ijusi lezithelo: Unyaka wokuqala, kuhle ukugwema ijusi lezithelo, ngoba linoshukela omningi futhi alinikezi zinzuzo zokudla okunomsoco. Ngemuva konyaka owodwa, uma unquma ukunikeza ijusi, linciphise libe ijusi lezithelo eli-100% bese ulihlanganisa namanzi.
5. Amavithamini Namaminerali Empilweni Yomntwana
I-Iron Egameni Elinempilo
I-Iron ibalulekile ekuthuthukeni kobuchopho bomntwana wakho nasekwakhiweni kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Izitolo ze-iron zomntwana wakho kusukela ekuzalweni zizoqala ukuncipha cishe ngezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwethula ukudla okune-iron eningi, ikakhulukazi uma uncelisa.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Nikeza ukudla okune-iron eningi: Ukudla okune-iron eningi okufana nama-cereals anethusi, inyama, namabhontshisi kufanele kube yingxenye yokudla komntwana wakho kusukela ngezinyanga eziyisithupha.
- Hlanganisa ukudla okune-iron eningi namavithamini C: Ivithamini C isiza umzimba ukumunca i-iron, ngakho-ke cabanga ukuhlanganisa ukudla okune-iron eningi nemithombo kavithamini C, njengezithelo ezicishiwe ezifana nama-orange, ama-strawberry, noma utamatisi.
I-Calcium Yamathambo Aqinile
I-Calcium ibalulekile ekwakheni amathambo namazinyo aqinile. Ngenkathi ubisi lwebele noma i-formula kunikeza i-calcium eyanele, njengoba umntwana wakho eqala ukudla okuqinile, ungafaka ukudla okune-calcium eningi.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Imikhiqizo yobisi: Uma umntwana wakho esedla imikhiqizo yobisi, ungamnika iyogathi enamafutha agcwele noma ushizi (ngemuva konyaka wokuqala). Ukuze uthole izinketho ezingezona zobisi, bheka ezinye izindlela zezitshalo eziqinisiwe ezifana nobisi lwe-almond noma lwe-soy.
- Imifino eluhlaza: Uma umntwana wakho esedla izinhlobonhlobo zemifino, imifino eluhlaza efana ne-spinach ne-broccoli yimithombo emihle ye-calcium.
6. Ukugwema Izingozi Zokuklinyeka Ezingenzeka
Ukuvimbela Ukuklinyeka
Izingane ezincane nezingane zisaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa amakhono adingekayo ukuze zihlafune futhi zigwinye ngokuphepha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ngezingozi zokuklinyeka lapho kwethulwa ukudla okuqinile.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Sika ukudla kube yizicucu ezincane: Njalo sika ukudla kube yizicucu ezincane, ezilawulekayo, futhi ugweme ukudla okulukhuni ukugwinya, okufana namagilebhisi aphelele, i-popcorn, noma ama-hot dogs.
- Pheka ukudla kahle: Qinisekisa ukuthi izithelo nemifino kuphekwe kahle futhi kuthambile ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izingozi zokuklinyeka ezingenzeka.
- Njalo gcina ukudla: Ungalokothi ushiye umntwana wakho yedwa ngesikhathi edla, futhi ubuke eduze ngesikhathi sokudla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akabeki ukudla okuningi emlonyeni wakhe ngesikhathi esisodwa.
7. Ukubhekana Nokungezwani Kokudla
Ukungezwani Okujwayelekile Nokuthi Kwenziwa Kanjani
Ukungezwani kokudla kuvamile ezinganeni nakubantwana abancane, futhi kubalulekile ukwethula ukungezwani okujwayelekile ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amantongomane, amantongomane esihlahla, amaqanda, ubisi, i-soy, ne-shellfish. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luphakamisa ukuthi ukwethulwa kusenesikhathi kwalokhu kungezwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthuthukiswa kokungezwani kokudla.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Kwethulwa ukudla okusha ngakunye: Kwethula ukudla okusha ngokwahlukana, bese ulinda izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokungeza okunye ukudla. Ngale ndlela, ungakwazi ukukhomba kalula noma yikuphi ukungezwani kokudla noma ukuzwela.
- Bheka udokotela wezingane: Uma umntwana wakho enomlando wokungezwani kokudla noma i-eczema emndenini, khuluma nodokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokwethula ukungezwani okujwayelekile.
8. Nini Ukubheka Udokotela Wezingane Noma Ochwepheshe Bezokudla
Ukufuna Iseluleko Sobungcweti
Uma ungaqiniseki ngokudla komntwana wakho noma usola ukuthi unokungezwani kokudla, kuhle njalo ukubheka udokotela wezingane noma ochwepheshe bezokudla kwezingane. Bangahlinzeka ngeseluleko esiqondene nomuntu ngamunye ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni, empilweni, nasezidingweni ezithile zomntwana wakho.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe
- Ukuhlolwa njalo: Qinisekisa ukuthi umntwana wakho uhambela ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze abheke ukukhula kwakhe nokuthuthuka kwakhe. Udokotela wakho wezingane angasiza ekukhombeni noma yikuphi ukushoda kokudla futhi aphakamise izithasiselo ezifanele uma zidingeka.
- Izidingo zokudla ezikhethekile: Uma umntwana wakho enezidingo zokudla ezikhethekile noma izimo zezempilo, ochwepheshe bezokudla bangahlinzeka ngeseluleko mayelana nokudla okungcono kakhulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zakhe zokudla okunomsoco.
Isiphetho
Ukudla okunomsoco okufanele ezigabeni zokuqala zokuphila kubeka isisekelo sempilo yonke nokuthuthuka komntwana wakke. Ngokuhlinzeka ngokudla okulinganiselayo okuhlanganisa ubisi lwebele noma i-formula, ukudla okune-iron eningi, izithelo, imifino, namafats anempilo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana wakho uthola izakhamzimba azidingayo ukuze akhule kahle. Njengoba umntwana wakho ekhula, qhubeka nokwethula ukudla okusha, bheka ukungezwani, futhi ugcine isimiso esingaguquki ukuze usekele impilo yakhe eqhubekayo nokuphila kahle. Njalo bheka udokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nomuntu ngamunye nesiqondiso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo zomntwana wakho zokudla okunomsoco ziyahlangatshezwana.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. Ngingaqala nini ukwethula ukudla okuqinile kumntwana wami?
Izingane eziningi zikulungele ukudla okuqinile cishe ngezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ikhono lokuhlala ngosizo, ukulawula ikhanda okuhle, nentshisekelo ekudleni.
2. Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukungezwani kokudla kumntwana wami?
Ukwethula ukungezwani okujwayelekile, okufana namantongomane, amaqanda, nemikhiqizo yobisi, cishe ngezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kunganciphisa ingozi yokungezwani kokudla. Kodwa-ke, njalo bheka udokotela wakho wezingane uma umntwana wakho enomlando wokungezwani emndenini.
3. Ngingamnika amanzi umntwana wami ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha?
Ubisi lwebele noma i-formula kunikeza wonke amanzi umntwana wakho awadingayo ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ungaqala ukunikeza amanzi amancane ngesikhathi sokudla.
4. Kulungile yini ukunika umntwana wami ijusi?
Kuhle ukugwema ijusi ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ubudala. Ngemuva konyaka owodwa, unganikeza amanani amancane ejusi lezithelo eli-100%, kodwa amanzi kufanele ahlale engumthombo oyinhloko wamanzi.
5. Ngingazi kanjani uma umntwana wami edla ngokwanele?
Uma umntwana wakho ekhuluphala njalo, enamazinga amandla ajwayelekile, futhi ebonakala egculisekile ngemuva kokudla, kungenzeka ukuthi udla ngokwanele. Njalo bheka udokotela wakho wezingane nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka mayelana nokukhula noma ukudla komntwana wakho.
