Ukuba usana lwakho seluqala ukunyakaza kuyisikhathi esimnandi njengoba luhlohlokela umhlaba oluzungezile, kodwa kukhona nezinkinga zesikhumba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yizindawo ezomile, ukuqubuka, noma ukungaphatheki kahle, izingane zijwayele izimo ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba njengoba isikhumba sazo sisathuthuka futhi sijwayela indawo. Njengomzali, kubalulekile ukubona izinkinga ezivamile zesikhumba ngokushesha futhi wazi ukuthi uzisingatha kanjani ukuze ingane yakho ihlale ikhululekile. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukuthi ubone, uqonde, futhi ulawule izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zesikhumba sezingane.
1. Ukuqubuka Kwezingane Ngamaphampesi
Kuyini Ukuqubuka Kwezingane Ngamaphampesi?
Ukuqubuka kwezingane ngamaphampesi kungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu zesikhumba ezinganeni, okuvame ukwenzeka lapho isikhumba somntwana siphathwa kabi yi-diaper emanzi noma engcolile isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kubangela ukubomvu, ukungaphatheki kahle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuvukala endaweni ye-diaper.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Hlala indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile: Shintsha i-diaper yomntwana wakho njalo, futhi uhlanze indawo ye-diaper ngobumnene ngamanzi afudumele nensipho ethambile. Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-wipes anotshwala noma iphunga elimnandi, njengoba lawa angabangela ukungaphatheki kahle esikhumbeni esibucayi.
- Faka ukhilimu wokuqubuka kwe-diaper: Sebenzisa ukhilimu wokuqubuka kwe-diaper noma i-ointment equkethe i-zinc oxide, engasiza ukuvikela isikhumba nokuvimbela ukungaphatheki kahle okwengeziwe.
- Nikeza isikhumba umoya: Vumela ingane yakho ingagqoki i-diaper isikhathi esifushane ukuze isikhumba siphefumule futhi silapheke.
- Bheka izimpawu zokutheleleka: Uma ukuqubuka kuba kubi kakhulu noma kuhambisana namabhamuza noma ubomvu, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko noma ukwelashwa okungenzeka.
2. I-Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Kuyini i-Eczema?
I-Eczema isifo sesikhumba esingapheli esibangela ukuphathwa kabi, izindawo zesikhumba ezomile, okuvame ukuvela ebusweni, ezingalweni, nasemilenzeni. Kuvamile ezinganeni futhi kungabangelwa izinto ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezinto ezingabangela ukungezwani komzimba, izinto ezicasulayo, nomoya owomile.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Gcina isikhumba sinomswakama: Sebenzisa i-moisturizer ewugqinsi, engenaphunga elimnandi ngemva kokugeza ukuze usize ukuvala umswakama nokunciphisa ukomela.
- Thola futhi ugweme izimbangela: Izimbangela ezivamile ze-eczema zihlanganisa izinsipho ezithile, izindwangu, nezinto ezingabangela ukungezwani komzimba. Uma ubona umkhiqizo othile noma into ebangela ukuqubuka, zama ukuyisusa endaweni yomntwana wakho.
- Geza ngendlela efanele: Gcina isikhathi sokugeza sifushane (imizuzu engu-5-10) futhi usebenzise amanzi afudumele esikhundleni samanzi ashisayo, njengoba amanzi ashisayo engomisa isikhumba. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile, engenaphunga elimnandi futhi ugweme ukukhuhla isikhumba.
- Lawula ukuluma: Uma ingane yakho iklwebha kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane mayelana nokhilimu noma imithi efanele yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuluma.
3. Ukuqubuka Kwamabele (Prickly Heat)
Kuyini Ukuqubuka Kwamabele?
Ukuqubuka kwamabele kwenzeka lapho ukujuluka kubambeka emigudwini yokujuluka, okuholela emabhampakeni amancane, abomvu noma amabhamuza. Kuvamile esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma esinomswakama futhi kuvame ukuvela ezindaweni lapho izingubo zihlikihla isikhumba khona, njengentamo, isifuba, noma umhlane.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Pholisa: Hambisa ingane yakho endaweni epholile futhi ugqoke izingubo ezilukhuni, eziphefumulayo ezenziwe ngezindwangu zemvelo ezifana nokotini.
- Gcina isikhumba somile: Gwema ukugqoka ingane yakho ngokweqile, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayijuluki kakhulu.
- Sebenzisa ukhilimu opholile: Ukhilimu we-calamine noma ukhilimu opholile ungasiza ekudambiseni ukungaphatheki kahle. Nokho, gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo enamakha noma utshwala, njengoba lawa angacasula isikhumba ngaphezu kwalokho.
- Gwema izingubo ezincane: Izingubo ezincane zingakwandisa isimo ngokubambeka kokujuluka. Khetha izingubo ezilukhuni, ezikhululekile kuze kuphele ukuqubuka.
4. I-Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)
Kuyini i-Cradle Cap?
I-Cradle cap isimo esivamile ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane, lapho kuvela izindawo eziphuzi, ezinezimvuthuluka ekhanda. Ngokuvamile ayinabungozi futhi ivame ukuzixazulula yodwa, kodwa ingaba yimbi.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Ukuhlanza ngobumnene: Geza ikhanda lengane yakho nge-shampoo ethambile, ehambisana nezingane. Sebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile noma indwangu ukuze ukhulule ngobumnene izimvuthuluka.
- Yenza isikhumba sibe nomswakama: Uma ikhanda lomile noma izimvuthuluka ziqinile, ungafaka inani elincane lamafutha engane noma amafutha kakhukhunathi endaweni ethintekile ukuze uthambise izimvuthuluka ngaphambi kokugeza.
- Gwema ukukhuhla izimvuthuluka: Ungazami ukukhuhla izimvuthuluka ngeminwe yakho, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukungaphatheki kahle noma ukutheleleka.
5. Izinduna Zengane
Kuyini Izinduna Zengane?
Izinduna zengane isimo esivamile esithinta izingane ezisanda kuzalwa nezingane ezincane, okuvame ukuvela ezihlathini, esilevini, noma ebunzini. Kubangela amapimples amancane, abomvu noma ama-pustule futhi ngokuvamile akanawo umonakalo. Kubangelwa amahomoni avela kumama noma izinto ezisendaweni.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Gwema imikhiqizo eqinile: Ungasebenzisi imithi yezinduna noma imikhiqizo eqinile yokunakekela isikhumba esikhumbeni sengane yakho. Lawa angacasula isikhumba futhi enze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Hlanza ngobumnene: Geza ubuso bengane yakho ngobumnene ngamanzi afudumele nensipho yezingane ethambile. Gwema ukukhuhla noma ukusebenzisa izindwangu zokugeza, ngoba lokhu kungacasula isikhumba.
- Shiya yedwa: Izinduna zengane ngokuvamile ziyaphela ngokwazo emasontweni ambalwa. Gwema ukuphahlaza noma ukukhuhla amapimples, ngoba lokhu kungabangela izibazi.
6. I-Impetigo
Kuyini i-Impetigo?
I-Impetigo isifo sesikhumba sebhaktheriya esivame ukuvela njengezilonda ezibomvu noma amabhamuza eduze kwekhala, umlomo, noma ezinye izindawo zomzimba. Izilonda zingaqhuma, zikhiphe amanzi, bese zakha uqweqwe oluphuzi-nsundu. Itheleleka kakhulu futhi ingasakazeka ngokuthintana okuseduze noma ngokwabelana ngamathawula noma amathoyizi.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Thintana nodokotela: Uma usola i-impetigo, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa. Bangase bakunikeze ama-antibiotics okufakwa noma ama-antibiotics omlomo uma ukutheleleka kusakazeke kakhulu.
- Hlala indawo ihlanzekile: Hlanza ngobumnene izindawo ezithelelekile ngensipho namanzi, bese ufaka i-ointment enikezwe udokotela njengoba eyale.
- Gwema ukuthinta izilonda: Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ayiklwebhi noma ayikhuhli izilonda, ngoba lokhu kungasakaza ukutheleleka kwezinye izindawo zomzimba noma kwabanye abantu.
7. Isimungumungwane
Kuyini Isimungumungwane?
Isimungumungwane isifo segciwane elithathelwanayo kakhulu esibangela ukuqubuka okuluma okunezindawo ezibomvu noma amabhamuza. Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi kungabangela umkhuhlane, ukukhathala, nokungaphatheki kahle. Nakuba ngokuvamile singenabungozi ezinganeni, singabangela izinkinga kwezinye izimo.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Thintana nodokotela wezingane: Uma ingane yakho iqubuka isimungumungwane, thintana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqinisekiso. Udokotela angakweluleka ngendlela yokwelapha ukuze ulawule izimpawu futhi usize ukuvimbela izinkinga.
- Dambisa ukuluma: Sebenzisa izinto zokugeza ezipholile ezinobisi lwe-oatmeal noma i-baking soda ukuze udambise ukuluma. Ungaphinda ufake ukhilimu we-calamine ezindaweni ezithintekile.
- Gcina ingane yakho ikhululekile: Nikeza imithi yokwehlisa umkhuhlane njengoba udokotela wakho eluleka, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ingane yakho ithola amanzi anele nokuphumula.
- Vimbela ukusakazeka: Gcina ingane yakho ekhaya kusuka enkulisa noma esikoleni kuze kube yilapho ukuqubuka sekumile, ngoba isimungumungwane sitheleleka kakhulu.
8. Ukulunywa Yizinambuzane Nokuphungwa
Kuyini Ukulunywa Yizinambuzane Nokuphungwa?
Izingane zijwayele ukulunywa yizinambuzane nokuphungwa, ikakhulukazi ngezinyanga ezifudumele. Omiyane, izintuthwane, nezinyosi izimbangela ezivamile. Nakuba ukulunywa okuningi kubangela ukungaphatheki kahle okuncane, okunye kungase kuholele ekungezwani komzimba noma ezifweni.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Hlanza indawo: Geza ukulunywa noma ukuphungwa ngensipho namanzi ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
- Dambisa ukuluma: Faka ukhilimu wokulwa nokuluma noma i-ointment ye-hydrocortisone ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nokuluma. Ukhilimu we-calamine unganikeza usizo.
- Bheka izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba: Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, njengokuvuvukala ngaphezu kwendawo yokulunywa, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuqubuka, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Sebenzisa umuthi wokuxosha izinambuzane: Uma usendaweni enezinambuzane eziningi, sebenzisa umuthi wokuxosha izinambuzane owakhelwe izingane ukuze uvimbele ukulunywa.
9. Ukushiswa Ilanga
Kuyini Ukushiswa Ilanga?
Ukushiswa ilanga kuyisimo sesikhumba esibangelwa ukuchayeka ngokweqile emisebeni ye-UV, okuholela ekubomvu, ebuhlungu, nasekuvuvukeni kwesikhumba. Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezinesikhumba esibucayi futhi ezingase zingavikeliwe ngokugcwele elangeni.
Okufanele Ukwenze
- Gwema ukuchayeka elangeni: Gcina ingane yakho kude nelanga eliqondile, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi eziphakeme (10 a.m. kuya ku-4 p.m.), futhi ugqoke izingubo ezivikelayo ezifana nezinto zokugqoka zekhanda nezingalo ezinde.
- Sebenzisa isivikeli-langa: Faka isivikeli-langa esibanzi esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu esikhumbeni sengane yakho esichayekile, ngisho nangezinsuku ezinamafu. Phinda ufake njalo emahoreni amabili nangemva kokubhukuda noma ukujuluka.
- Yelapha ukushiswa ilanga: Uma ingane yakho ishiswa ilanga, pholisa isikhumba sayo ngokuwasha ngamanzi afudumele bese ufaka i-aloe vera gel noma ukhilimu onomswakama ukuze udambise isikhumba. Gcina ingane yakho inamanzi anele futhi ugweme ukuchayeka ngokuqhubekayo elangeni kuze kube yilapho ukushiswa kuphola.
Isiphetho
Izinkinga zesikhumba sezingane zivamile futhi ngokuvamile azinabungozi, kodwa zingase zingamkhulisi umntwana wakho. Ngokufunda ukubona izimpawu nokwenza izinyathelo ezifanele zokulawula nokwelapha lezi zimo, ungasiza ingane yakho ukuba izizwe ikhululekile futhi igcine isikhumba sayo sinempilo. Uma ungabaza ngesikhumba noma uma kubonakala kubhebhetheka, ungangabazi ukuthintana nodokotela wakho wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izimo eziningi zesikhumba sezingane ziyaphela ngokushesha, okuvumela ingane yakho ukuba ibuyele esimweni sayo sokujabula, sokudlala.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
1. Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuqubuka kwe-diaper?
Shintsha i-diaper yomntwana wakho njalo, sebenzisa ukhilimu wokuvikela, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi indawo ye-diaper ihlanzwa futhi yomiswe kahle. Vumela ingane yakho ingagqoki i-diaper isikhathi esifushane ukuze isikhumba sayo siphefumule.
2. Kufanele nifune nini usizo lwezokwelapha ngezinduna zengane?
Izinduna zengane ngokuvamile ziyaphela ngokwazo emasontweni ambalwa. Nokho, uma amapimples eba yingozi noma engathuthuki, thintana nodokotela wakho wezingane.
3. Ingabe ingane yami ingathola i-eczema kamuva empilweni?
Yebo, i-eczema ivame ukuqala kusukela ekuzalweni noma esikhathini sokunyakaza futhi ingaqhubeka kuze kube yizingane noma ngisho nasesimweni somuntu omdala. Kubalulekile ukulawula ukuqubuka ngokhilimu wokuthambisa nokugwema izimbangela.
4. Kulungile yini ukusebenzisa imithi etholakala kalula yokwelapha ukushiswa ilanga?
Yebo, okhilimu be-hydrocortisone abatholakala kalula noma ama-aloe vera gels angasiza ekudambiseni ukushiswa ilanga. Nokho, gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo enotshwala noma amakha, ngoba lawa angacasula isikhumba ngaphezu kwalokho.
5. Ngingakwelapha kanjani ukulunywa yizinambuzane kwengane yami?
Geza indawo ngensipho namanzi, faka okhilimu abalwa nokuluma noma ukhilimu we-calamine, bese usebenzisa izinto ezipholile ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala. Uma ingane yakho inokungezwani komzimba, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
