I-American Academy of Pediatrics kanye ne-Canadian Society of Pediatrics ithi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezineminyaka engu-0-2 akufanele zibe nokuchayeka kwezobuchwepheshe, iminyaka engu-3-5 ikhawulelwe ehoreni elilodwa ngosuku, futhi iminyaka engu-6-18 ikhawulelwe emahoreni ama-2 ngosuku. I-AAP 2001/13, CPS 2010). Izingane nentsha zisebenzisa izikhathi ezingu-4-5 inani lobuchwepheshe elinconyiwe, elinemiphumela ebucayi futhi evame ukusongela ukuphila (Kaiser Foundation 2010, Active Healthy Kids Canada 2012). Imishini ephathwayo (omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, imidlalo ye-elekthronikhi) ikhulise ngokumangazayo ukufinyeleleka nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane kakhulu (Common Sense Media, 2013). Njengomelaphi wezingane emsebenzini, ngicela abazali, othisha nohulumeni ukuthi bavimbele ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinto eziphathwayo zezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12. Okulandelayo yizizathu eziyi-10 ezisekelwe ocwaningweni zalokhu kuvinjelwa. Sicela uvakashele ku-zonein.ca ukuze ubuke i- Zone' ku-Fact Sheet ukuze uthole ucwaningo olukhonjiwe.
1. Ukukhula kobuchopho ngokushesha
Phakathi kweminyaka engu-0 no-2, ubuchopho bosana buphindeka kathathu ngosayizi futhi buqhubeke sesimweni sokukhula ngokushesha bufinyelele eminyakeni engama-21 ubudala (Christtakis 2011). Ukukhula kobuchopho kusenesikhathi kunqunywa ukushukunyiswa kwemvelo noma ukuntuleka kwayo. Ukukhuthazwa ebuchosheni obukhulayo obubangelwa ukuchayeka ngokweqile kubuchwepheshe (omakhalekhukhwini, i-inthanethi, i-iPads, i-TV), kukhonjiswe ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa nokusebenza kahle nokushoda kokunaka, ukubambezeleka kwengqondo, ukufunda okuphazamisekile, ukwanda kokuthatheka kanye nokunciphisa ikhono lokuzilawula. , isb i-tantrums (Small 2008, Pagini 2010).
2. Intuthuko Ebambezelekile
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe kuvimbela ukunyakaza, okungaholela ekuthuthukisweni okubambezelekile. Ingane eyodwa kwezintathu manje ingena esikoleni ibambezelekile, okunomthelela omubi ekufundeni nasekuphumeleleni kwezemfundo (HELP EDI Maps 2013). Ukunyakaza kuthuthukisa ukunaka nekhono lokufunda (Ratey 2008). Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe abaneminyaka engaphansi kweyi-12 kuyingozi ekukhuleni nokufunda kwengane (Rowan 2010).
3. Ukukhuluphala Okuwubhubhane
Ukusetshenziswa komdlalo we-TV nevidiyo kuhambisana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile (Tremblay 2005). Izingane ezivunyelwe idivayisi emakamelweni azo okulala zinezehlakalo ezikhuphukile zokukhuluphala ngo-30% (Feng 2011). Oyedwa kwabane baseCanada, futhi ingane eyodwa kwezintathu zase-US ikhuluphele (Tremblay 2011). U-30% wezingane ezinokukhuluphala ngokweqile zizoba nesifo sikashukela, kanti abantu abakhuluphele basengozini enkulu yokushaywa unhlangothi ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesifo senhliziyo, okufinyeza kakhulu iminyaka yokuphila (Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2010). Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhuluphala ngokweqile, izingane zekhulu lama-21 zingase zibe isizukulwane sokuqala iningi lazo elingeke liphile ukudlula abazali bazo (USolwazi Andrew Prentice, BBC News 2002).
4. Ukungalali
U-60% wabazali awugadile ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bezingane zabo, futhi u-75% wezingane uvunyelwe ubuchwepheshe emakamelweni azo okulala (Kaiser Foundation 2010). U-75% wezingane ezineminyaka engu-9 kanye neyi-10 azinabuthongo ngendlela yokuthi amamaki azo athinteke kabi (Boston College 2012).
5. Ukugula Ngengqondo
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kobuchwepheshe kuthinteka njengembangela yokukhuphuka kwamazinga okucindezeleka kwezingane, ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kokunamathiselwe, ukushoda kokunaka, i-autism, i-bipolar disorder, i-psychosis nokuziphatha kwezingane okunenkinga (Bristol University 2010, Mentzoni 2011, Shin 2011, Liberatore 2011, Robinson 2008) . Ingane eyodwa kweziyisithupha zaseCanada inesifo sengqondo esitholakele, abaningi babo abasebenzisa imithi eyingozi ye-psychotropic (Waddell 2007).
6. Ulaka
Okuqukethwe kwemidiya okunodlame kungabangela ulaka lwezingane (Anderson, 2007). Izingane ezincane ziya ngokuya zichayeka ezenzweni ezikhulayo zobudlova obungokomzimba nobulili emithonjeni yezindaba yanamuhla. I-“Grand Theft Auto V” iveza ubulili obuyingcaca, ukubulala, ukudlwengula, ukuhlukunyezwa nokucwiywa kwezitho zomzimba, njengoba kwenza amafilimu amaningi nezinhlelo ze-TV. I-US ihlukanise udlame lwabezindaba njengeNgozi Yezempilo Yomphakathi ngenxa yomthelela oyimbangela wolaka lwezingane (Huesmann 2007). Imibiko yabezindaba ikhulise ukusetshenziswa kwezivimbelo namagumbi angasese anezingane ezibonisa ubudlova obungalawuleki.
7. Ukuwohloka komqondo kwedijithali
Okuqukethwe kwemidiya enesivinini esikhulu kungaba nomthelela ekusileleni ukunaka, kanye nokuncipha kokugxilisa ingqondo nenkumbulo, ngenxa yobuchopho obuthena ama-neuronal trac ks ku-frontal cortex (Christakis 2004, Small 2008). Izingane ezingakwazi ukunaka azikwazi ukufunda.
8. Izidakamizwa
Njengoba abazali benamathela kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, bayaziqhelanisa nezingane zabo. Uma kungekho okunamathiselwe kwabazali, izingane ezivalelwe zinganamathisela kumadivayisi, okungaholela ekubeni umlutha (Rowan 2010). Ingane eyodwa kweziyi-11 ezineminyaka engu-8-18 iyimilutha yezobuchwepheshe (Gentile 2009).
9. Ukukhishwa Kwemisebe
NgoMeyi ka-2011, i-World Health Organization yahlukanisa omakhalekhukhwini (namanye amadivaysi angenawaya) njengengcuphe yesigaba 2B (i-carcinogen engenzeka) ngenxa yokukhishwa kwemisebe (WHO 2011). UJames McNamee we-Health Canada ngo-Okthoba ka-2011 ukhiphe isexwayiso esithi “Izingane zizwela kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zama-ejenti kunabantu abadala njengoba ubuchopho bazo namasosha omzimba asathuthuka, ngakho awukwazi ukusho ukuthi ingozi ingalingana nencane. omdala njengengane.” ( Globe and Mail 2011). NgoZibandlela wezi-2013 uDkt Anthony Miller ovela eNyuvesi yaseToronto's School of Public Health uncoma ukuthi ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni olusha, ukuchayeka kwefrikhwensi yomsakazo kufanele kufakwe kabusha njenge-2A (i-carcinogen engenzeka), hhayi i-2B (i-carcinogen engenzeka). I-American Academy of Pediatrics icele ukubuyekezwa kokukhishwa kwemisebe ye-EMF kumadivayisi zobuchwepheshe, isho izizathu ezintathu mayelana nomthelela ezinganeni (AAP 2013).
10. Okungasimamisi
Izindlela izingane ezikhuliswa futhi zifundiswe ngazo ngobuchwepheshe azisasimame (Rowan 2010). Izingane ziyikusasa lethu, kodwa alikho ikusasa lezingane ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngokweqile. Indlela esekelwe eqenjini iyadingeka futhi iyaphuthuma ukuze kwehliswe ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe yizingane. Sicela ubhekisele kuzinhlelo zama-slide ezingezansi ku-www.zonein.ca ngaphansi kokuthi “amavidiyo” ongawabelana nabanye abakhathazeke ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kobuchwepheshe yizingane.
Izinkinga - Hlunga Izingane - imizuzu emi-4
Izixazululo - Ukuphathwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Okulinganiselayo - imizuzu eyi-7
Lezi Ziqondiso Zokusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe ezilandelayo zezingane nentsha zathuthukiswa nguCris Rowan, umelaphi wezingane emsebenzini kanye nombhali we- Virtual Child ; UDkt. Andrew Doan, isazi sezinzwa kanye nombhali wencwadi ethi Hooked on Games ; kanye noDkt. Hilarie Cash, Umqondisi wohlelo lokuphinda luqale kabusha i-Internet Addiction Recovery Programme nombhali we- Video Games and Your Kids , ngomnikelo ovela ku-American Academy of Pediatrics kanye ne-Canadian Pediatric Society emzamweni wokuqinisekisa ikusasa elizinzile lazo zonke izingane.
Imihlahlandlela Yokusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Ezinganeni Nentsha
Sicela uthinte uCris Rowan ku-info@zonein.ca ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe. © Zone'in February
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