Uma ukhulelwe, ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kukunikeza ulwazi mayelana nempilo yakho neyomntwana wakho. Basiza ukuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zimthinte, njengokukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma izifo zofuzo. Imiphumela ingakusiza wenze izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi nangemva kokuzalwa kwengane yakho.
Ukuhlola ngaphambi kokubeletha kuyasiza, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungatolika kanjani lokho abakutholayo. Umphumela wokuhlolwa oqondile awusho njalo ukuthi ingane yakho izozalwa inenkinga. Uzofuna ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, umbelethisi, noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo mayelana nokuthi ukuhlolwa kusho ukuthini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma usuthole imiphumela.
Odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa kokubeletha kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe. Abanye besifazane kuphela abazodinga ezinye izivivinyo zokubheka izinkinga ezithile zofuzo.
Ukuhlolwa Kokubeletha Okujwayelekile
Kukhona ukuhlolwa okuhlukile kokubeletha ongakuthola ku-trimester yakho yokuqala, yesibili, neyesithathu. Abanye bahlola impilo yakho, kanti abanye bathola ulwazi ngengane yakho.
- I-HIV nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi
- I-anemia
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-Hepatitis B
- I-Preeclampsia, uhlobo lomfutho wegazi ophakeme
Uzohlola nohlobo lwegazi lakho nokuthi amangqamuzana akho egazi anawo yini amaprotheni okuthiwa i-Rh factor. Ungathola futhi:
- I-Pap smear
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Group B Strep. Udokotela wakho uzoswayipha isikhumba sakho ngaphakathi naseduze kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze ahlole lolu hlobo lwamagciwane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka enyangeni yokugcina ngaphambi kokuba ubelethe.
- I-Ultrasound. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwenza izithombe zengane yakho nezitho zakho. Uma ukukhulelwa kwakho kuyinto evamile, uzoba nakho kabili, kanye eduze nasekuqaleni ukuze ubone ukuthi ukude kangakanani, futhi okwesibili cishe amasonto angu-18-20 ukuhlola ukukhula kwengane yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi izitho zakhe zikhula kahle.
Ukuhlolwa Kofuzo Kokukhulelwa
Odokotela bangasebenzisa nokuhlola ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuze babheke izimpawu zokuthi ingane yakho isengozini yokuphazamiseka okuthile kofuzo noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Akudingekile ukuba wenze lezi zivivinyo, kodwa udokotela wakho angase asikisele okunye ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ingane yakho iphilile.
Zibaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane abasengozini enkulu yokuba nengane enenkinga yokuzalwa noma inkinga yofuzo. Lona nguwe uma:
- Bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35
- Uke waba nengane ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ingane enenkinga yokuzalwa ngaphambilini
- Unenkinga yofuzo noma enye eyenzeka emndenini wakho noma emndenini womunye umzali
- Yiba nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sokuwa, noma isifo esizimele njenge-lupus
- Uke waphuphunyelwa yizisu noma izingane ezizalwa sezishonile esikhathini esidlule
- Uke waba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma i-preeclampsia ngenkathi ukhulelwe ngaphambilini
Okunye ukuhlola kofuzo ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuhlola kofuzo. Bakutshela uma ingane yakho isengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo esithile noma isifo, kodwa abakwazi ukukutshela ngokuqinisekile ukuthi izozalwa nayo. Okunye ukuhlolwa "kokuxilonga" kuzokunikeza impendulo ecacile. Ngokuvamile, uzothola lolu hlobo ngemva kokuba nomphumela oqondile ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa.
Ukuze uqale, udokotela wakho angase afune ukukuhlola wena nomunye umzali wengane ngezakhi zofuzo ezibangela izifo ezithile zofuzo, njenge-cystic fibrosis, isifo sika-Tay-Sachs, isifo se-sickle cell, nezinye. Uma nobabili ninofuzo lwesinye salezi zifo ku-DNA yenu, ningaludlulisela enganeni yakho, ngisho noma ungenaso sona isifo. Ukuhlolwa kubizwa nge-carrier test.
Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okukodwa noma okuningi okuhlukile ukuze ahlolele ingane yakho inkinga yofuzo, okuhlanganisa:
I-Ultrasound . Uzobe usunayo enye yalezi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Kodwa uma unokukhulelwa okuyingozi enkulu, uzodinga lokhu kuhlolwa kaningi. Cishe emavikini ayi-11-14, odokotela bangayisebenzisa ukubheka ngemuva kwentamo yengane yakho. Ukugoqa noma isikhumba esiminyene lapho kungasho ingozi enkulu ye-Down syndrome. Udokotela wakho futhi angathatha isampula yegazi lakho ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Isikrini Esilandelanayo . Lokhu kufana nokuhlola okuhlanganisiwe, kodwa udokotela wakho ubuyekeza imiphumela kanye nawe ngemva nje kwesigaba sokuqala emavikini ayi-11-14. Ayinembile njengokuhlola okude, kodwa ikwazisa ubungozi bengane yakho kusenesikhathi. Uma ukuhlolwa kuthola ukuthi kungase kube nenkinga, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole isiqiniseko. Uma ingayitholi ingozi, cishe uzothola ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwesibili emavikini angu-16-18 ukuze uphephe.
Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okukathathu noma kane. Odokotela bahlola igazi lakho ukuze bathole amahomoni namaprotheni aphuma enganeni yakho noma ku-placenta, isitho esimlethela umoya-mpilo nezakhi. Ukuhlolwa kungabheka izinto ezintathu ezihlukene (ukuhlolwa okuthathu) noma ezine (ukuhlola okuphindwe kane). Amanani athile alokhu asho ukuthi ingane yakho inethuba eliphakeme lokuba nenkinga yokuzalwa noma isifo sofuzo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenzeka ku-trimester yesibili, ngokuvamile emasontweni ayi-15 kuya kwangu-20.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA yengane engenamaseli . Odokotela basebenzisa lokhu kuhlola ukuthola i-DNA yengane yakho egazini lakho futhi bayihlolele i-Down syndrome nezinye izimo ezimbili zofuzo, i-trisomy 18 kanye ne-trisomy 13. Lokhu ungakwenza ngemva kwamasonto angu-10 ukhulelwe. Odokotela abayincomi kubo bonke abantu besifazane, ngokuvamile kuphela labo abanokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu. Ayitholakali yonke indawo, futhi imishwalense ethile yezempilo ayiwufaki. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uyakudinga yini lokhu kuhlolwa.
Okunye Ukuhlolwa
Uma uthola umphumela omuhle ekuhlolweni, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa okunye ukuhlola ukuze abheke inkinga.
I-Amniocentesis . Usebenzisa inaliti ezacile esiswini sakho, udokotela wakho uzothatha isampula yoketshezi oluzungeza ingane yakho futhi ayihlolele ukuphazamiseka kofuzo noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Inqubo inengozi ethile. Cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabangu-300 kuya ku-500 uzophuphunyelwa yizisu ngenxa ye-amniocentesis. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi kubalulekile yini ukuthi ube nalokhu.
Ngenzenjani Uma Senginemiphumela?
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokubeletha ingakusiza wenze izinqumo ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi abaningi babo bakutshela ukuthi kungenzeka, kodwa hhayi ngokuqinisekile, ukuthi ingane yakho izozalwa inenkinga. Akukho ukuhlola okunembe ngo-100%.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nemiphumela oyitholayo nokuthi isho ukuthini. Umeluleki wezofuzo angakusiza futhi ukuthi unqume ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngemva komphumela omuhle nokuthi impilo izoba njani enganeni yakho uma inenkinga.
Imibuzo Yodokotela Wakho
Uma udokotela wakho encoma ukuhlolwa kokubeletha, cabanga ukubuza:
- Kungani ngidinga lezi zivivinyo?
- Izongitshelani imiphumela? Yini abangeke bayibonise?
- Kwenzekani uma ngingakutholi ukuhlolwa?
- Ngizokwenzani ngemiphumela?
- Zinembe kangakanani izivivinyo?
- Yiziphi izingozi?
- Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela?
- Kuzwakala kanjani?
- Zibiza malini?
- Ingabe umshwalense wami uzobakhava?
- Ingabe ukhona omunye (njengenkampani yami yomshwalense) ozokwazi ukufinyelela imiphumela, ikakhulukazi yokuhlolwa kofuzo?
- Imiphumela izosho ukuthini emndenini wami?
- Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha isinqumo sokungayitholi imiphumela noma ngabe ukuhlolwa sekuvele kwenziwa?
- Ngikutholaphi ukuhlolwa?
Umthombo: https://www.webmd.com
