Monitoring your infant's temperature is an essential part of ensuring their health and well-being. A fever can indicate an infection or other health concern, and knowing how to measure your baby’s temperature accurately helps you make informed decisions. Using the right thermometer and proper technique ensures accurate readings and keeps your baby safe and comfortable. This guide provides everything you need to know about safely using thermometers for infants.
1. Why Checking Temperature is Important
Recognising Fever in Infants
A fever in babies is typically defined as a rectal temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher. Fever is a natural response to infection, but in infants, it can also signal more serious conditions, particularly in those under 3 months old.
When to Take Your Baby’s Temperature
You should check your baby’s temperature if they feel unusually warm, are irritable, lethargic, or refusing to feed. Other symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea, or rash may also warrant taking their temperature to rule out fever.
2. Types of Thermometers for Infants
Digital Thermometers
Digital thermometers are versatile and reliable. They can be used rectally, orally, or under the arm. They provide quick and accurate readings, making them a popular choice.
Rectal Thermometers
These are considered the gold standard for infants, particularly those under 3 months old, as they provide the most accurate readings.
Axillary (Underarm) Thermometers
Axillary thermometers are non-invasive and easy to use. While slightly less accurate than rectal thermometers, they are convenient for quick checks.
Temporal (Forehead) Thermometers
These thermometers use infrared technology to measure temperature from the forehead. They are non-invasive, making them a good option for older babies, though they may be less reliable for infants under 3 months.
Tympanic (Ear) Thermometers
Ear thermometers measure infrared heat from the ear canal. However, they are not recommended for infants under 6 months due to their small ear canals.
Avoid Mercury Thermometers
Mercury thermometers are outdated and potentially hazardous if broken. Always use modern digital thermometers for safety.
3. Preparing to Take Your Baby’s Temperature
Clean the Thermometer
Before each use, wash the thermometer tip with warm soapy water or disinfect it with alcohol. Rinse thoroughly to ensure safety and hygiene.
Choose the Right Time
Take your baby’s temperature when they are calm or rested. Avoid checking their temperature immediately after a bath or feeding, as these activities can temporarily affect body temperature.
Have Supplies Ready
Gather the thermometer, lubricant (if using a rectal thermometer), and a clean tissue or cloth before starting.
4. How to Use a Rectal Thermometer Safely
Rectal thermometers are the most accurate way to measure a baby’s temperature.
Step 1: Prepare the Thermometer
Clean the thermometer tip thoroughly and apply a small amount of water-based lubricant to make insertion easier and more comfortable.
Step 2: Position Your Baby
Lay your baby on their back on a stable surface, holding their legs as you would during a diaper change. Alternatively, place them on their stomach across your lap, supporting their lower back.
Step 3: Insert the Thermometer
Gently insert the thermometer about 1.25 cm (0.5 inches) into the rectum. Avoid pushing too far to prevent injury.
Step 4: Hold in Place and Wait
Hold the thermometer steady until it beeps, indicating that the reading is complete.
Step 5: Read and Clean the Thermometer
Remove the thermometer, check the reading, and clean it thoroughly before storing it.
5. How to Use an Axillary (Underarm) Thermometer
Axillary thermometers are less invasive and suitable for quick checks.
Step 1: Prepare the Thermometer
Turn on the thermometer and ensure it’s clean and ready for use.
Step 2: Place Under the Arm
Position the thermometer tip in your baby’s armpit, ensuring the arm is snugly against it to avoid air gaps.
Step 3: Hold in Place and Wait
Keep your baby’s arm close to their body and wait until the thermometer beeps.
Step 4: Read the Temperature
Remove the thermometer and note the reading. Keep in mind that axillary readings may be slightly lower than rectal readings.
6. Using a Temporal (Forehead) Thermometer
Temporal thermometers are non-invasive and ideal for quick checks, especially for older infants.
Step 1: Position the Thermometer
Place the thermometer on the center of your baby’s forehead.
Step 2: Slide or Hold
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to either slide the thermometer across the forehead or hold it in place.
Step 3: Check the Reading
Wait for the thermometer to beep and display the reading.
7. Tips for Accurate Temperature Readings
Avoid taking your baby’s temperature after physical activity, feeding, or a bath, as these can alter the reading. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for your thermometer. If the reading seems unusual, double-check using a different thermometer or method.
8. Understanding Temperature Readings
Normal Temperature Range
For infants, normal body temperature can range from 36.1°C to 37.9°C (97°F to 100.3°F) depending on the measurement method.
Fever Thresholds
Rectal: 38°C (100.4°F) or higher
Axillary: 37.2°C (99°F) or higher
Temporal: 38°C (100.4°F) or higher
9. When to Call a Doctor
Seek medical advice if your baby:
- Is under 3 months old with a rectal temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher.
- Has a fever lasting more than 48 hours.
- Shows signs of dehydration, such as fewer wet diapers, dry mouth, or lethargy.
- Experiences additional symptoms like seizures, difficulty breathing, or persistent crying.
10. Safety Precautions
Supervise at All Times
Never leave a thermometer in place while stepping away from your baby.
Be Gentle
If you encounter resistance while using a rectal thermometer, stop immediately to avoid injury.
Inspect and Replace
Check thermometers regularly for cracks or malfunctions. Replace them if they show signs of damage.
Conclusion
Taking your infant’s temperature safely and accurately is a vital skill for parents. By choosing the right thermometer, preparing properly, and using the correct technique, you can monitor your baby’s health effectively. Always consult your pediatrician if you’re unsure about a reading or if your baby shows concerning symptoms. Your attentiveness can make all the difference in ensuring your little one’s well-being.
FAQs
1. Which thermometer is best for newborns?
A rectal thermometer is the most accurate and recommended option for infants under 3 months old.
2. How often should I clean the thermometer?
Clean the thermometer before and after every use with warm soapy water or alcohol to maintain hygiene.
3. Can I use an ear thermometer for my baby?
Ear thermometers are not recommended for babies under 6 months due to their small ear canals, which can affect accuracy.
4. What should I do if my baby resists a rectal thermometer?
If your baby resists, try using an axillary or temporal thermometer for a less invasive option. Consult your pediatrician if accuracy is critical.
5. Is it safe to use forehead strips to check my baby’s temperature?
Forehead strips are not reliable for infants. Stick to digital thermometers for more accurate and consistent readings.
