Iyini I-Chickenpox?

Yiziphi Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zechickenpox?

Izimpawu ze-chickenpox zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-21 ngemuva kokuchayeka kugciwane. Uphawu lokuqala ngokuvamile umkhuhlane, okulandelwa ukuqubuka okusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ukuqubuka kuqala njengamaqhubu amancane, abomvu akhula abe amabhamuza agcwele uketshezi. Amabhamuza abe esephuka bese enza utwayi, olugcina ngokuwa.

I-chickenpox ivame ukuqala ngaphandle kokuqubuka kwakudala, ngomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu, noma isisu. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihlale izinsuku ezimbalwa, nemfiva ebangeni lika-101°–102°F (38.3°–38.8.8°C).

Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okubomvu, okulumayo kuvame ukuqala esiswini noma emhlane nasebusweni. Khona-ke isakazekela cishe yonke indawo emzimbeni, kuhlanganise nesikhumba, umlomo, izingalo, imilenze nezitho zangasese.

Ukuqubuka kuqala amaqhubu amaningi amancane abomvu afana nezinduna noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane. Zivela ngamagagasi ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4, bese zikhula zibe amabhamuza anezindonga ezincane ezigcwele uketshezi. Izindonga zamabhamuza ziyaphuka, zishiye izilonda ezivulekile, ezigcina zigoqeke zibe utwayi olomile, olunsundu.

Zontathu izigaba zokuqubuka kwenkukhu (amaqhubu abomvu, amabhamuza, notwayi) zivela emzimbeni ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuqubuka kungabhebhetheka banzi noma kube nzima kakhulu ezinganeni ezinezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka noma izinkinga zesikhumba ezifana nalezi i-eczema.

I-Chickenpox ingase ingakhululeki futhi ilume, kodwa ngokuvamile iyaziqeda ngokwayo phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Nokho, kungase kube kubi kakhulu kwezinye izimo. Izinkinga zingabandakanya izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane esikhumbeni, inyumoniya, kanye ne-encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho). I-chickenpox ingabangela izinkinga kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengabesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nabantu abane-HIV.

Ibangelwa Yini I-Chickenpox?

I-chickenpox ibangelwa i-varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Leli gciwane lingabangela nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okubuhlungu okubizwa ngokuthi ama-shingles (i-herpes zoster) kamuva ekuphileni. Ngemva kokuba othile enesifo senkukhu, igciwane lihlala lilele (liphumule) ohlelweni lwezinzwa ukuphila kwakhe konke. Igciwane lingaphinda lisebenze ("ukuvuka") kamuva njengama-shingles.

Izingane ezigonyelwa i-chickenpox mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba zibe nama-shingles lapho sezikhulile.

Ingabe I-Chickenpox Iyathathelwana?

I-chickenpox iyathelelana kakhulu. Iningi lezingane ezinezelamani elithelelekile nazo zizolithola (uma zingakabi nalo ukutheleleka noma umgomo), zibonise izimpawu emasontweni ama-2 ngemva kokuba ingane yokuqala inalo.

Umuntu one-chickenpox angasakaza leli gciwane:

• ngamaconsi emoyeni ngokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula
• kumafinyila, amathe (amathe), noma uketshezi oluphuma emabhamuza

I-chickenpox ithathelwana kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuba ukuqhuma kuqale kuze kube yilapho wonke amabhamuza eqweqwe.

Umuntu onama-shingles angasakaza i-chickenpox (kodwa hhayi i-shingles) kubantu abangazange babe nenkukhu noma umgomo.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-chickenpox ithathelwana kakhulu, ingane enayo kufanele ihlale ekhaya futhi iphumule kuze kube yilapho i-rash iphelile futhi wonke amabhamuza omile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha iviki elingu-1. Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi ingane yakho isikulungele yini ukubuyela esikoleni, buza udokotela wakho.

Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezingenzeka?

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezivela ku-chickenpox, okuhlanganisa:

• abesifazane abakhulelwe
• abasanda kuzalwa omama ababenomkhuhlane wenkukhu
• iziguli ezine-leukemia
• izingane ezithola imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba
• noma ubani nge Amasosha omzimba izinkinga

Uma bechayeke ku-chickenpox, bangase banikezwe umuthi (i-zoster immune globulin) ukwenza ukugula kungabi nzima kakhulu.

Ingabe I-Chickenpox Ingavinjelwa?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-chickenpox ukugonywa. Umuthi wokugoma upokisi uyindlela ephephile nesebenzayo yokuvikela igciwane. Izingane kufanele zithole imithamo emibili yomgomo, umthamo wokuqala zinezinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-15 ubudala, futhi umthamo wesibili zineminyaka emi-4 kuya kweyisi-6 ubudala. Abantu abadala abangazange babe ne-chickenpox noma umgomo kufanele nabo bagonywe.

Abantu abaneminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu abangakaze babe ne-chickenpox futhi abangagonyiwe bangakwazi futhi kufanele bathole imithamo emibili yomgomo.

Izingane ezike zaba ne-chickenpox aziwudingi umgomo - ngokuvamile ziba nokuvikelwa impilo yonke ekuguleni.

Itholakala Kanjani I-Chickenpox?

Odokotela ngokuvamile bangakwazi ukuxilonga i-chickenpox ngokubheka ukuqubuka kwe-telltale.

Shayela udokotela wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inechickenpox. Udokotela angakuqondisa ekubhekeni izinkinga nasekukhetheni umuthi wokudambisa ukulunywa.

Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, yazisa abasebenzi kusenesikhathi ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe ne-chickenpox. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungavezi ezinye izingane ehhovisi - kwezinye zazo, ukutheleleka kwenkukhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ilashwa Kanjani I-Chickenpox?

A igciwane kubangela inkukhu, ngakho ama-antibiotics awakwazi ukuyelapha. Kodwa ama-antibiotic ayadingeka uma amagciwane ethelela izilonda. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho izingane zinwaya futhi zikhetha amabhamuza.

Umuthi we-antiviral ungase umiselwe abantu abane-chickenpox abasengozini yezinkinga. Okuncike kokuthi:

• iminyaka yengane kanye nempilo
• izinga lokutheleleka
• isikhathi sokwelashwa

Uma wena noma ingane yakho inechickenpox, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ekhaya futhi ugweme ukuthintana nabanye kuze kube yilapho wonke amabhamuza eseqhumile. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuthatha isonto lonke. Ungasiza ukukhulula izimpawu zenkukhu ngokugeza ngamanzi apholile, usebenzisa i-calamine lotion, nokugwema ukunwaya amabhamuza. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi umuthi uyilungele yini ingane yakho.

Ngingayisiza Kanjani Ingane Yami Izizwe Ingcono?

Kuya usizo khulula ukulunywa kanye nokungakhululeki kwechickenpox:

• Sebenzisa okokucindezela okumanzi okupholile noma ugeze ngamanzi afudumele njalo emahoreni angu-3-4 ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Imikhiqizo yokugeza i-oatmeal, etholakala ezitolo ezinkulu nasezitolo zezidakamizwa, ingasiza ekudambiseni ukulunywa. (Amabhati awasabalalisi irash.)
• Pat (ungahlikihli) umzimba womile.
• Faka i-calamine lotion ezindaweni ezilumayo (kodwa ungayisebenzisi ebusweni, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamehlo).
• Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi mayelana nokhilimu odambisa izinhlungu ozowagcoba ezilonda endaweni yangasese.
• Buza udokotela mayelana nokusebenzisa umuthi otholakala ezitolo ukuze uwuphuze ngomlomo uma uluma.

Ukuze uvimbele ukuklwebheka:

• Beka ama-mittens noma amagilavu ​​ezandleni zengane yakho ukuze ugweme ukuklwebheka lapho ilele.
• Nquma izinzipho futhi uzigcine zihlanzekile.

Uma ingane yakho inamabhamuza emlonyeni:

• Nikeza ukudla okubandayo, okuthambile, okungenalutho ngoba inkukhu emlonyeni ingenza kube nzima ukukuphuza noma ukudla. Gwema noma yini ene-asidi noma enosawoti, njengejusi yewolintshi noma ama-pretzels.
• Nikeza ingane yakho i-acetaminophen ukusiza ukukhulula ubuhlungu.

Ungalokothi nikeza i-aspirin ezinganeni ezine-chickenpox. Kungaholela ekuguleni okubi kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi I-Reye syndrome.

Kufanele Ngimshayele Nini Udokotela?

Izifo eziningi ze-chickenpox azidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga zingenzeka. Shayela udokotela uma ingane yakho:

• unomkhuhlane othatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-4
• unokukhwehlela okubi kakhulu noma unenkinga yokuphefumula
• inendawo yokuqubuka evuza ubomvu (uketshezi olujiyile, oluphuzi) noma lube bomvu, lufudumale, luvuvuke noma lube buhlungu
• unekhanda elibuhlungu
• uyozela kakhulu noma unenkinga yokuvuka
• unenkinga yokubuka amalambu akhanyayo
• unenkinga yokuhamba
• ebonakala edidekile
• uyaphalaza
• ubonakala egula kakhulu
• unentamo eqinile

I-chickenpox yisifo esivamile esibangelwa amagciwane esingabangela ukungakhululeki kanye nezinkinga kwezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, iyavikeleka ngomgomo wenkukhu, futhi izimpawu zingaphathwa ngamakhambi alula asekhaya. Uma wena noma ingane yakho iba nezimpawu ze-chickenpox, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko.