Ingane yakho iphupha emini kakhulu esikoleni futhi iphazamiseka kalula lapho yenza umsebenzi wesikole noma imisebenzi yasekhaya. Mhlawumbe bahlala bebhakuza. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi bane-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ). Noma ingabe i-attention deficit disorder (ADD)?
Ingabe ukhona umehluko?
Abantu abaningi basebenzisa amagama ukuze baqonde into efanayo - futhi lokho ngezinye izikhathi kulungile. Kodwa hhayi njalo.
I-ADD uhlobo lwe I-ADHD lokho akubandakanyi ukunyakaza nokugedla njalo. Kodwa umehluko ongacacile. Ukudideka kuqale ngo-1994. Yilapho odokotela banquma khona ukuthi zonke izinhlobo ze-attention-deficit disorder zizobizwa ngokuthi "attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder," ngisho noma lowo muntu wayengasebenzi ngokweqile. Manje isibizwa nge-ADHD, uhlobo olunganakile, noma i-ADHD, uhlobo olungasebenzi kahle/olusheshayo, noma i-ADHD, uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe.
Iliphi igama elifanele umndeni wakho olisebenzise lincike ezimpawini ezithile zengane yakho kanye nokuxilongwa. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nomuntu onolwazi impilo yengqondo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ingane yakho ithola ukuxilongwa okufanele.
I-Daydreamer noma i-Fidgeter?
I-ADHD yisifo esisekelwe ebuchosheni. Kungaphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke yengane yakho ekhaya nasesikoleni. Izingane ezinakho zinenkinga yokunaka nokulawula ukuziphatha kwazo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zikhuthele ngokweqile.
Ngaphambi kokuba zixilongelwe, uzofuna ukuqaphela izimpawu zengane yakho. I-CDC inikezela ngohlu lokuhlola lwe-ADHD lwezingane olungakusiza ukuthi ulandelele.
Nazi izimpawu ongazibheka:
- Ukunganaki: Kuhlanganisa ukungahleleki, izinkinga zokuhlala emsebenzini, ukuphupha emini njalo, kanye nokunganaki lapho kukhulunywa ngakho ngokuqondile.
- Impulsivity: Kuhlanganisa izinqumo zesikhashana ngaphandle kokucabanga ngethuba lokulimala noma imiphumela yesikhathi eside. Bathatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze bathole umvuzo ngokushesha. Bangase baphazamise othisha, abangane nomndeni njalo.
- Ukuba matasatasa ngokweqile: Kuhilela ukuklolodela, ukudlikiza, ukucofa, ukukhuluma, nokunyakaza njalo, ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho kungafanele khona.
Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo e-United States basebenzisa i- I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ye-Mental Disorders ( DSM ) ukuxilonga zonke izimo zengqondo, kuhlanganise ne-ADHD. Inguqulo yakamuva iyihlukanisa ngezinhlobo ezintathu:
- I-ADHD isethulo sokunganaki kakhulu (okwakukade kubizwa nge-ADD)
- I-ADHD ikakhulukazi isethulo se-hyperactive-impulsive
- Isethulo esihlanganisiwe se-ADHD
I-ADHD Isethulo Esinganaki kakhulu (ADD)
Izingane ezinalesi simo azidlali. Abanalo izinga eliphezulu lamandla elibonwa kwabanye abane-ADHD. Eqinisweni, izingane ezinaleli fomu zingase zibonakale zinamahloni noma "emhlabeni wazo."
I-ADD itholwa uma ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 inezimpawu eziyisi-6 noma ngaphezulu zokunganaki (ezingu-5 noma ngaphezulu kwabadala intsha) okungenani izinyanga eziyisi-6 ezilandelanayo kodwa azikho izimpawu zokungabi namdlandla/ukuthatheka.
Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Inkinga yokunaka (iphazanyiswe kalula)
- Akathandi noma ugwema imisebenzi emide yengqondo (efana nomsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya)
- Inkinga yokuhlala usemsebenzini ngesikhathi sesikole, ekhaya, noma udlala
- Ayihlelekile futhi ibonakala ikhohlwa
- Ayibonakali ilalela uma kukhulunywa nayo ngqo
- Ayinaki imininingwane
- Ulahlekelwa izinto njalo
- Wenza amaphutha anganaki
- Izabalaza ukulandela imiyalelo
Izingane ezinalolu hlobo oluncane lwe-ADHD zingase zingatholakali ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zingase zidwetshwe kuze kufike ekuphupheni emini.
I-ADHD Iphrezentheshini I-Hyperactive-Impulsive
Izingane ezinalolu hlobo lwe-ADHD zinamandla amaningi futhi zihlala zinyakaza ngendlela edala izinkinga. Kutholakala uma ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 inezimpawu eziyisi-6 noma ngaphezulu ezingasebenzi kahle/ezinamandla okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6 (ezi-5 noma ngaphezulu entsheni endala). Leli fomu libonakala kakhulu kunohlobo olunganakile.
Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhipha izimpendulo ngaphambi kokuba umbuzo uqedwe
- Ukuphazamisa njalo abanye
- Inkinga yokulinda ithuba labo
- Ukhuluma kakhulu
- Ukuququda, ukucofa, nokuququda
- Uyasukuma lapho kungafaneleki (njengalapho uthisha ekhuluma noma phakathi nesidlo sakusihlwa)
- Ukugijima noma ukugibela ezimeni ezingafanele
- Ayikwazi ukudlala buthule
- Njalo "ohambeni"
Isethulo Esihlanganisiwe Se-ADHD
Ingane enalolu hlobo inezimpawu zakho kokubili ukunganaki kanye nokuxhamazela/ukuthatheka.
