I-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) yisimo esiphuca izingane ikhono lazo lokugxila nokunaka.
Izingane ezine-ADHD ziyathukuthela futhi ziphazamiseka kalula. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuhlala “emsebenzini”. Ukuthi ukulalela uthisha noma ukuqeda umsebenzi. I-National Institute of Mental Health ilinganisela u-3% kuya ku-5% wezingane ezine-ADHD, kodwa abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi isibalo singase sibe phezulu ku-10%.
Izimpawu 1: Ukunganaki
Uphawu oluyinhloko ukungakwazi ukunaka. Izingane zingase zibe nenkinga yokulalela isikhulumi, ukulandela izikhombisi-ndlela, ukuqeda imisebenzi, noma ukulandelela izinto zomuntu siqu. Bangase baphuphe kaningi futhi benze amaphutha obudedengu. Izingane ezine-ADHD zivame ukugwema imisebenzi edinga ukugxilisa ingqondo okuqhubekayo noma engase isicefe.
Izimpawu 2: Ukungasebenzi kahle
Enye ingxenye ukungakwazi ukuhlala unganyakazi. Izingane zingase zigijime futhi zigibele ezintweni njalo, ngisho nalapho zisendlini. Lapho zihlezi, zivame ukushwibeka, zinyakaze, noma zibhampize. Ezinye izingane ezine-ADHD zikhuluma ngokweqile futhi zithola kunzima ukudlala ngokuthula.
Izimpawu 3: Ukuthatheka
Uphawu lwesithathu ukuthatheka. Ukunquma umugqa, ukuphazamisa abanye, noma ukuphimisela izimpendulo ngaphambi kokuba uthisha aqedele umbuzo. Lesi sici se-ADHD senza kube nzima ngezingane ukuthi zilinde isikhathi sazo noma zicabange ngaphambi kokuba zenze okuthile.
Umthelela we-ADHD empilweni yansuku zonke
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-ADHD ingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwengane emphakathini nangokwezemfundo. Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kuvame ukuholela ekungenzini kahle esikoleni. Izingane eziphazamisa noma ezinqamula kulayini zingase zibe nenkinga yokwenza nokugcina abangane. Lezi zithiyo zingaholela ekungazethembini nasekuziphatheni okuyingozi. I-ADHD futhi yandisa ingozi yokucindezeleka kwezingane kanye nokukhathazeka kokukhathazeka.
Izinkinga ze-ADHD
Izingane ezine-ADHD zinomsebenzi omncane ezindaweni zobuchopho ezilawula ukunaka. Bangase futhi babe nokungalingani kumakhemikhali obuchopho abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters. Akukacaci ukuthi yini edala lokhu kungahambi kahle. I-ADHD isebenza emindenini, ngakho ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zidlala indima.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-ADHD
Azikho izivivinyo zelabhu zokuthola i-ADHD. Kunalokho, odokotela bathembele empendulweni yesiguli emibuzweni, incazelo yomndeni yezinkinga zokuziphatha, nokuhlolwa kwesikole. Nge-ADHD, ingane kumelwe ibonise inhlanganisela ethile yokunganaki, ukuba matasa ngokweqile, nokuthatheka okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ngezinga elingalungile nelingahambisani neminyaka yayo. Ukuqala kwezimpawu kufanele kubonakale kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-7.
Izinhlobo ze-ADHD
Kunamafomu amathathu.
- Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe luvame kakhulu. Kusebenza ezinganeni ezibonisa ukunganaki, ukuxakeka, kanye namawala.
- Uhlobo olungasebenzi kahle/olunokuxhamazela, izingane ziyaganga futhi azikwazi ukulawula imizwa yazo.
- Uhlobo lokunganaki phambilini obekubizwa ngalo i-attention deficit disorder, lunenkinga yokugxila. Kodwa awasebenzi kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile awaliphazamisi ikilasi.
Imithi ye-ADHD
Imithi evuselelayo ingasiza ekukhuliseni isikhathi sokunaka kwengane. Kanye nokulawula ukushuba ngokweqile kanye nokuziphatha okungalindelekile. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi le mithi isebenza ku-70% kuya ku-80% weziguli. Nakuba zingase zibe nemiphumela engemihle ekhathazayo. Imithi engakhuthazi futhi iyizinketho kwezinye izingane.
Ukwelulekwa kwe-ADHD
Ukwelulekwa kungasiza ingane ifunde ukubhekana nokukhungatheka futhi yakhe ukuzethemba. Ingase futhi inikeze abazali amasu okusekela. Uhlobo oluthile lokwelapha, olubizwa ngokuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono omphakathi, lungasiza izingane zithuthuke ekushintsheni nasekuhlanganyeleni. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ngenhlanganisela yezidakamizwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kusebenza kakhulu kunemithi yodwa
Imfundo Ekhethekile ye-ADHD
Iningi lezingane ezine-ADHD lifundiswa emakilasini ajwayelekile. Abanye benza kangcono endaweni eyakheke kakhulu. Imfundo ekhethekile iwuhlobo lwemfundo eklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zezingane ezinokukhubazeka ekufundeni noma ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Akuzona zonke izingane ezine-ADHD ezifanelekela imfundo ekhethekile.
Indima Yesimiso
Abazali banganikeza izingane ukwakheka okwengeziwe ekhaya ngokubeka isimiso esicacile. Ukuthumela isimiso sosuku kuzokhumbuza ingane yakho lokho okufanele ikwenze nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kungasiza ingane ukuthi iqhubeke nomsebenzi. Isimiso kufanele sihlanganise izikhathi eziqondile zokuvuka, ukudla, ukudlala, umsebenzi wasekhaya, imisebenzi yasekhaya, imisebenzi nesikhathi sokulala
Izidlo ze-ADHD
Ijaji lisaphumile ekutheni ukudla kungase kuthuthukise izimpawu ze-ADHD. Ngenkathi izifundo zokudla kwe-ADHD zikhiqize imiphumela exubile. Abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo bakholelwa ukuthi ukudla okulungele ubuchopho kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-ADHD. Ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi, okuhlanganisa amaqanda, inyama, ubhontshisi namantongomane, kungase kuthuthukise ukugxilisa ingqondo. Kungase futhi kusize ukushintsha ama-carbs alula, afana noswidi nesinkwa esimhlophe, nama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, njengamapheya nesinkwa sezinhlamvu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwengane yakho.
I-ADHD kanye nokudla okungenamsoco
Nakuba izingane eziningi zigxuma ezindongeni ngemva kokudla ukudla okungenamsoco, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ushukela uyimbangela ye-ADHD. Iqhaza lezithasiselo zokudla aliqinisekile kangako. Abanye abazali bakholelwa ukuthi ama-preservatives kanye nemibala yokudla yenza izimpawu ze-ADHD zibe zimbi kakhulu. I-American Academy of Pediatrics ithi kunengqondo ukugwema lezi zinto.
I-ADHD kanye nethelevishini
Ukuxhumana phakathi kukamabonakude ne-ADHD akucacile. I-American Academy of Pediatrics iphakamisa ukukhawulela ukuchayeka kwezingane ezincane. Iqembu alikukhuthazi ukubuka i-TV kwezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 futhi lincoma ukuthi izingane ezindadlana zingadluli amahora amabili ngosuku. Ukuze usize ingane yakho ithuthukise amakhono okunaka, khuthaza imisebenzi efana nemidlalo, amabhlogo, izindida, nokufunda.
Ukuvimbela i-ADHD
Ayikho indlela eqinisekile yokuvimbela i-ADHD ezinganeni. Nokho, zikhona izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi. Ungakwazi ukwandisa amathuba akho okuthi ingane yakho ingabi nayo i-ADHD ngokuhlala unempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Qala ngokugwema utshwala, izidakamizwa, nogwayi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izingane ezinonina ababhemayo phakathi nokukhulelwa zinamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba ne-ADHD.
I-Outlook Yezingane ezine-ADHD
Ngokwelashwa, iningi lezingane liyathuthuka. Kufanele baqhubeke nokulandelelwa njalo. Izingane eziningi zikhula ngaphandle kwalesi sifo njengoba zikhula. Kodwa ngaphezu kwesigamu seziguli ziyaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu uma sezikhulile.
Umthombo: http://www.webmd.com
