Yiziphi Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zesimungumungwane?
Izimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka kwesimungumungwane ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela, ikhala eligelezayo, phezulu umkhuhlane, namehlo abomvu. Izingane nazo zingaba nazo Izindawo zokuhlala e- Koplik (amachashaza amancane abomvu anezindawo ezimhlophe okwesibhakabhaka) ngaphakathi emlonyeni ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuqhuma.
Ukuqubuka kuqubuka ezinsukwini ezi-3-5 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, kwesinye isikhathi kuhambisana nomkhuhlane ophakeme ofinyelela ku-104°F (40°C). Ukuqubuka okubomvu noma okubomvu-nsundu ngokuvamile kuqala njengamachashaza abomvu ayisicaba esiphongweni. Isakazekela ebusweni bonke, bese yehla entanyeni nasesinqeni iye ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Umkhuhlane nokuqubuka kuyaphela kancane ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ingabe Isimungumungwane Iyathathelwana?
Isimungumungwana siyathelelana kakhulu. Eqinisweni, abantu abayisi-9 kwabayi-10 abangagonyelwanga imvukuzane bazoyithola uma beseduze nomuntu onaleli gciwane.
Abantu Bayithola Kanjani Isimungumungwane?
Isimungumungwane sisakazeka lapho abantu bephefumula noma bethintana ngqo noketshezi olutheleleke ngegciwane. Ingadlula kumaconsi afuthwe emoyeni lapho umuntu onesimungumungwane ethimula noma ekhwehlela. Umuntu ochayeke kugciwane ngokuvamile ubonisa izimpawu ezinsukwini ezingu-7-14 kamuva.
Abantu abanesimungumungwane bangasakaza lesi sifo kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-4 ngaphambi kokuba ukuqubuka kuqale kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-4 ngemva kwalokho. Zithathelwana kakhulu ngenkathi zinomkhuhlane, ikhala eligelezayo, kanye nokukhwehlela. Ababuthakathaka amasosha omzimba ngenxa yezinye izimo (like I-HIV ne-AIDS) ingasabalalisa igciwane lesimungumungwane ize ilulame.
Selashwa Kanjani Isimungumungwane?
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwesimungumungwane. Ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu:
- nikeza ingane yakho uketshezi oluningi
- khuthaza ukuphumula okwengeziwe
- nikeza umuthi we-non-aspirin fever, njenge i-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen uma umkhuhlane wenza ingane yakho ingakhululeki. Ungalokothi unikeze i-aspirin enganeni enesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, njengoba ukusetshenziswa okunjalo kuxhunyaniswa nayo I-Reye syndrome.
Izingane ezinesimungumungwane kufanele zibhekwe kakhulu ngudokotela. Kwezinye izimo, isimungumungwane singaholela kwezinye izinkinga, njenge:
- izifo ezindlebeni
- croup
- isifo sohudo
- inyumoniya
- i-encephalitis (ukucasuka nokuvuvukala kobuchopho)
Izingane ezinesimungumungwane kufanele ziqhelelane nabanye izinsuku ezi-4 ngemva kokuvela kwamaqhubu. Kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, lokhu kufanele kuqhubeke kuze kube yilapho belulama ngokugcwele futhi zonke izimpawu sezihambile.
Isimungumungwana Sihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani?
Ukutheleleka kwesimungumungwane kungahlala amasonto ambalwa. Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziqala ezinsukwini ezingu-7-14 ngemva kokuba othile echayeke kugciwane.
Ingabe Isimungumungwane Singavinjelwa?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izingane zakho iwukuba uqiniseke ukuthi zikhona gonyiwe ngokumelene nesimungumungwane.
Ezinganeni eziningi, ukuvikelwa kwesimungumungwane kuyingxenye ye umuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane-mumps-rubella (MMR) noma isimungumungwane-mumps-rubella-varicella umgomo (MMRV) onikezwa lapho zinezinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-15 ubudala futhi futhi lapho zineminyaka emi-4 kuya kweyisi-6 ubudala.
Umgomo unganikezwa izingane ezinezinyanga eziyisi-6 ubudala uma zizohambela amazwe ngamazwe. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi umgomo udingeka nini.
Kungani Kubalulekile Ukugoma?
Ukugonywa okusabalele kwenze isimungumungwane savama e-US Kodwa ukubheduka kwezifo kusenzeka. Ukugqashuka kulapho isifo senzeke ngamanani amakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe endaweni ethile. Ukubheduka kwesimungumungwane kuyanda emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yabantu abangagonyiwe.
Kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izingane ezingakwazi ukuthola umgomo ziwuthole ngesikhathi. Abantu abasengozini (njengalabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka) abakwazi ukuwuthola umgomo. Kodwa lapho abanye abantu abaningi begonyelwa isifo, kuyabavikela, kuvimbele ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo, futhi kuyasiza ekugwemeni ukuqubuka.
Ingozi enkulu ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwesimungumungwane yilezi:
- izingane ezingakakhuli ngokwanele ukuba zithole umgomo
- abesifazane abakhulelwe
- abantu abanomsoco noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka
Odokotela bangajova amasosha omzimba esimungumungwane (obizwa i-immune globulin ) kubantu abasengcupheni abachayeka kumvukuzane. Isebenza kakhulu uma inikezwa phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-6 zokuxhumana. Lawa amasosha omzimba angavikela isimungumungwane noma enze izimpawu zibe nzima kakhulu.
Umgomo wesimungumungwane ungasiza futhi ukuvikela abantu abangagonyiwe ekuguleni ngemva kokuchayeka kusimungumungwane uma bewuthola zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu.
Kufanele Ngimshayele Nini Udokotela?
Shayela udokotela ngokushesha uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inesimungumungwane. Futhi shayela uma ingane yakho ibiseduze nomuntu onesimungumungwane, ikakhulukazi uma ingane yakho:
- usana
- uthatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba
- unayo isifo sofuba, umdlavuza, noma isifo esithinta amasosha omzimba
